摘要
目前,国际社会已经形成一个以美国为主导、欧盟和其他亲美国家为辅助的全面制裁伊朗能源领域的制裁体系。其核心目的在于打击伊朗赖以生存的石油工业,迫使伊朗放弃获取核武器和大规模杀伤性武器的计划。目前已有13家公司因在伊朗能源领域的商业活动遭受美国制裁,大批国际石油公司纷纷撤离伊朗。中国石油公司正面临严峻挑战:中国石油公司存在被制裁的可能;制裁势必将增加中国石油公司的操作成本;与伊朗的能源合作有可能影响到中国石油公司在北美市场的业务。同时,也应该看到当前中国石油公司在伊朗能源市场面临的巨大机遇:1)美国不会贸然采取直接针对中国石油公司的制裁措施;2)欧美石油公司的撤离使得伊朗能源市场目前处于一个真空期;3)伊朗可能施行更加优惠的财税政策吸引投资;4)联合国范围内很难通过制裁伊朗能源领域的决议。在当前形势下,中国石油公司应该从维护中国能源安全的角度出发,维护自身在伊朗的能源利益,同时采取灵活的应对策略,规避风险、把握机遇。
The international community has formed a comprehensive system for sanctions against the Iranian energy sector, which is led by the US and supported by the EU and other pro-US countries. Its core purpose is to attack the oil industry on which Iran relies for its survival and to compel Iran to give up the plan to obtain nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction. So far, 13 companies have been sanctioned by the US for their commercial activities in the Iranian energy sector, and a great number of international oil companies have withdrawn from Iran. Chinese oil companies are facing serious challenges: the possibility of being sanctioned, increased operating costs as a result of sanctions, and the impact on their business in North America. It should also be noted that Chinese oil companies are afforded with tremendous opportunities in the Iranian energy market: 1) The US will not directly impose sanctions against Chinese oil companies without careful consideration; 2) The departure of EU and US oil companies leaves the Iranian energy market in a vacuum; 3) Iran may implement more preferential financial and tax policies to attract investment; 4) The United Nations is unlikely to pass a resolution on sanctions against the Iranian energy sector. In the current situation, Chinese oil companies shall safeguard their energy interests in Iran from the standpoint of maintaining China’s energy security, pursue flexible coping strategies to evade risks and grasp opportunities.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2012年第9期45-50,104-105,共6页
International Petroleum Economics
