摘要
[Objective] The aim was to investigate ecological carrying capacity of Fangshan District in Beijing. [Method] Ecological footprint and carrying capacity of Fangshan District in 2007 and 2008 were analyzed with ecological footprint model and the difference between ecological footprint and carrying capacity there was con- cluded. Furthermore, an assessment was made on relation between Fangshan de- velopment with local ecological carrying capacity to evaluate sustainable development of Fangshan District. [Result] Fangshan District is of lightly ecological deficit; ecologi- cal footprint per capita in 2007-2008 was deficit and tended to expand. Two meth- ods are available to reduce ecological ：deficit, including reduction of ecological foot- print and increase of carrying capacity. In general, supply and demand of carrying capacity in Fangshan are better, though with some problems. It is necessary to fur- ther develop related industries to final eliminate ecological deficit in order to achieve ecological conservation-orientation and sustainable development of Fangshan District. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical references for overall evaluation on eco- logical carrying capacity of Fangshan District.
[目的]研究北京房山山区生态承载力。[方法]通过生态足迹模型的定量分析方法,计算并分析房山区2007年及2008年的生态足迹和生态承载力演变态势,得出房山区生态足迹与生态承载力之间的差距,定量判断房山区域发展是否处于生态承载力的范围之内,评定房山区当前的可持续发展状况。[结果]房山区整体存在轻度生态赤字;2007～2008年的人均生态足迹均为赤字状态,且赤字有扩大趋势;解决途径一是减少生态足迹,二是提高该地区的生态承载力。房山山区当前的生态承载力供求总体情况比较良好,但还存在一些结构问题,需要通过产业发展进一步进行优化,最终消除生态赤字,更好地发挥房山区的生态涵养功能,实现房山可持续发展的目标。[结论]该研究为全面评价房山区生态承载力提供了理论依据。
