摘要
灌溉水利用率是干旱和半干旱地区适宜灌溉技术选择的重要依据。该研究以描述土壤-植物-大气连续体能量和水量平衡过程的CUPID模型为基础,提出了考虑喷灌对田间小气候影响的喷灌水利用率模拟模型,定义了模型应用时间段,并对模拟值相对误差进行了评估。结果表明,喷灌蒸发损失对大气温度和湿度的调节作用持续时间与灌溉时间有关,喷灌水利用率模型应用时间段应以大气温度和湿度均恢复到无灌溉区水平为标准。与波文比能量平衡法计算的喷灌水利用率相比,该模型计算的喷灌水利用率相对误差在6.0%以内,可作为评估喷灌水利用率的有效工具。
Application efficiency is an important consideration for selecting a suitable irrigation method in arid and semi-arid regions. A new concept of sprinkler efficiency considering the effects of microclimate modification was proposed in this article based on the energy and water balance model （CUPID model） describing the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. The calculation duration of this model was defined, and its relative error was also evaluated. The results indicate that the regulation period of air temperature and humidity caused by sprinkler evaporation is related to irrigation time, and the calculation duration of sprinkler efficiency should be determined based on the time when both air temperature and humidity equal the values in the non-irrigated field. The relative error of sprinkler efficiency is about 6.0% when compared it with the value calculated by a Bowen ratio energy balance approach. The model could be used as an efficient tool to estimate the sprinkler efficiency.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期1357-1364,共8页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家863计划项目(2011AA100506)
中国博士后基金(20100470380)
西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室访问学者基金资助
关键词
喷灌
农田微气候
水利用率
模型
sprinkler irrigation
field microclimate
irrigation efficiency
model
