摘要
认知理论认为,对负性刺激的注意偏向是创伤后应激障碍个体症状保持和发展的重要因素,因此降低个体的负性注意偏向对改善其症状有重要意义。已有研究表明,个体对负性刺激的注意偏向可以通过注意训练进行调整。由于创伤引起的心理问题在女性中出现的比例比较高,本研究采用创伤电影范式,考察创伤模拟情境中,女性大学生注意训练条件和注意控制条件下负性注意偏向的变化,并探讨注意训练的作用机制。与注意控制组相比,注意训练组的个体注意偏向分数和注意解除分数都显著下降,而两组被试在注意定向分数以及情绪自我报告分数两方面没有出现显著差异。实验结果支持注意训练是降低个体负性注意偏向的有效方式;训练增强了个体对负性刺激的解除能力,但不影响个体对负性刺激的快速定向;个体选择性注意的改变没有导致个体意识到的情绪的显著性变化。
In this study,we used trauma film paradigm and the dot probe task which was improved by Mathews and MacLeod(2002) to study the change of attentional bias under attention training condition and control condition.We randomly assigned 44 normal female college students to receive either attention training(n=22) or control procedures(n=22).Some visual images of trauma film and some neutral pictures from International Affective Picture Library(IAPS) were selected as experimental materials.The mechanism of attention training was discussed.Participants in the training group showed a significant reduction in attention bias for threat and the disengagement index compared with participants in the control group.No significant reduction was found on the orienting index in both groups.Although both groups declined in self-report scores of negative emotion,reduction in the training group was not significantly greater than the control group.In short,the experimental results support the idea that attention training is an effective way to reduce the individual's attention bias to threatening information.Training enhanced the individual's ability in disengaging attention from threat stimulus and not in speed of orienting.It is found that the training influenced the selective attention,but not conscious emotional state.
出处
《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期75-83,174-175,共9页
Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"突发灾难事件下心理危机的特征
变化规律及干预策略:基于情绪表达与记忆模型的研究"(30970913)
项目负责人:郑希付
华南师范大学心理健康与认知科学广东省重点实验室
广东省突发事件心理援助应急技术研究中心资助
