摘要
研究采用野外观测手段对不同坡向和坡位的土壤风蚀特征进行测定和分析。结果表明:①缓坡耕地不同地形部位,风速随地形升高而增大,主要由于微地形作用,使南坡风速略高于北坡。②土壤风蚀量随风速变化呈现出指数函数变化趋势,风速增大则风蚀量也增大。③以坡顶为对称轴,北坡和南坡的风蚀量基本呈对称分布,北坡风蚀量占南坡风蚀量的88.6%;5个地形部位的风蚀量相比,最大值并非出现在坡顶部位。④坡中和坡底在0～6cm高度范围内,坡顶在0～8cm高度范围内,随高度和风速增加,风蚀量呈线性增大;在8～60cm高度范围内,风蚀量随高度增加呈现出负指数函数递减的规律,6cm<高度<20cm递减率较大,高度>20cm递减率较小。
The thesis studied on soil erosion characteristics in different slope aspects and position by the means of field observation.The results show that（1）Wind speed increased with the terrain rising in different terrain parts of hilly farmland with gentle slope.Mainly due to the role of micro-topography,the southern slope of the wind speed slightly higher than the northern slope.（2）Amounts of soil wind erosion and wind speed showed the variation of the exponential function.Amounts of soil wind erosion increased with wind speed rising.（3）Axis of symmetry to the top of the hill,the wind erosion of the north slope and the southern slope was a symmetrical distribution.The southern slope of wind erosion was slightly larger than the north slope.North slope erosion amount accounted for 88.6% of the southern slope.Wind erosion amounts compared to the five terrain position,maximum values did not appear in the top positions.（4）The wind erosion amount increased with height and wind speed in the height of 0~6 cm in the middle and bases of slope and 0~8 cm in the top of the slope.Wind erosion quantity with height increase showed the law of a negative exponential function in the height of 8~60 cm.When the height was bigger than 6 cm and smaller than 20 cm,lapse rates was greater.When the height was more than 20 cm,lapse rates was smaller.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期55-58,共4页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(41101251)
河北省自然科学基金项目(2008000183)
关键词
北方农牧交错带
缓坡耕地
土壤风蚀
crisscross area of agriculture and pasture in the North
hilly farmland with gentle slope
soil wind erosion
