摘要
干旱区河道渗漏是河道径流转化为地下水的一种主要方式.河道渗漏系数是确定河流与地下水之间转化量的重要参数,也是建立地下水模型的关键.从河道渗漏运动的研究方法、河道渗漏时空动态变化、河道渗漏特征规律与机理以及河道渗漏模拟研究等方面入手,综述了国内外有关河道渗漏研究方面的进展情况以及发展趋势.同时对黑河下游额济纳三角洲地区的河道渗漏研究现状及存在的问题进行了阐述,分析当前研究的不足.针对黑河流域下游额济纳三角洲水系与河道特点,提出如下建议:从河道渗漏的时空动态变化分析入手,开展典型渗漏观测试验、进行河水位、流量、河床含水量、地下水位的连续观测和同位素示踪试验,测定河道渗漏与地下水运动参数;建立河道渗漏模拟模型,模拟和预测不同情景下河道渗漏过程.为该地区的河道渗漏补给地下水的定量化研究提供新的思路,为制定科学合理的水资源利用规划和维护绿洲稳定及可持续发展提供科学依据.
River channel leakage is one of the major ways in arid regions,through which river course water transforms into groundwater.River leakage coefficient is an important parameter to describe the transformation between river water and groundwater,and the key to establish the groundwater model.In this article,the current situation and trend of the river leakage research at home and abroad are reviewed,including research methods,spatial-temporal dynamic changes,characteristics,mechanisms and simulation studies and so on.At the same time,the actuality and questions of river leakage research are discussed,as well as the shortages in studying the Ejina delta in the lower reaches of Heihe River.Based on the situation of Ejina Delta,it is recommended that to analyze the spatial-temporal dynamic process of river leakage,to carry on typical leakage experimentation and isotope tracer monitoring,together with continuous hydrological observation,simultaneously to determine the parameters of river leakage and groundwater movement,to develop simulation model of river leakage and then to forecast the river leakage process under different conditions.These would provide new thought for quantitative research of river leakage recharging groundwater,furnish important scientific basis for working out scientific and rational planning of water resources utilization and for maintaining stability and sustainable development of the oasis.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期1241-1247,共7页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41101026),国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(91025002)资助
西部之光博士项目(29Y128881)
中国博士后科学基金项目(20110490863)
关键词
河道渗漏
地下水补给
研究综述
黑河下游额济纳三角洲
river course leakage
groundwater recharge
research review
the lower reaches of Heihe River in Ejina delta
