摘要
结合实况资料,应用三维对流云模式,对2010年6月18日苏北地区一次持续时间长达5 h的强降雹过程进行数值模拟研究。结果表明,模式模拟出了雹云的3次涌升、降雹过程及雷达回波特征。冰雹来自霰的转化,主要靠碰冻过冷云水和雨水增长。催化试验表明,地面降雹刚形成或降雹强度刚增强时,在过冷雨水中心区播撒AgI,减雹效果显著,最大减雹量可达21.1%;催化后,霰的数量增加、尺度减小,导致霰向雹的自动转化减少,且大量小尺度霰成为雹胚后,争食云水,增长受阻。
Combining the real data,we used a three-dimensional convective cloud model developed by IAP to simulate the 18 June 2010 severe hail process that lasted for 5 h in north Jiangsu.Results showed that the characteristics of radar echo and three times of upwelling and hail forming processes were revealed by model.The hail growth was originated from the conversion of the graupel,mainly by collision of supercooled cloud and rain water.According to a series of catalytic tests,we found that the effect of hail suppression was significant after seeding at the center of supercooled rain water when the hail on the ground just formulated or intensity of hail shooting just increased.The maximum percentage of hail suppression reached 21.1%.After seeding the amount of graupel increased and its diameter decreased,so that the amount of the hail auto-conversion by graupel reduced and the growth of hail embryo was restrained because the hail embryos produced by little graupels competed for the supercooled water.
出处
《气象科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期526-533,共8页
Journal of the Meteorological Sciences
基金
江苏省气象局开放基金(KM201107
K201009)
江苏省青年气象科研基金(Q201205)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB955200)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(POPD)
关键词
强降雹
人工防雹
催化试验
数值模拟
Severe hail
Artificial hail suppression
Catalytic tests
Numerical simulation
