摘要
波斯湾盆地是世界著名的富油气盆地,同时也是受多期构造演化控制的叠合盆地,通过地质与地球物理资料分析,认为盆地经历了前寒武纪—石炭纪陆内断陷盆地沉积与反转、二叠纪—中白垩世新特提斯被动陆缘盆地沉积和晚白垩世—新生代前陆盆地沉积演化3大演化阶段。断陷盆地演化阶段受近南北向陡直断裂控制,以碎屑岩和膏盐岩和碳酸盐岩建造为特征,碎屑岩在该阶段最为发育。被动陆缘盆地演化和前陆盆地演化阶段以碳酸盐岩和膏盐岩建造为主要特征。盆地叠合演化形成了前寒武系—下寒武统、志留系、侏罗系以及中下白垩统等多套富含有机质的烃源岩,与盆地内叠合联片发育的前寒武系—下寒武统、上二叠统、下三叠统、上侏罗统和中新统等多套膏盐岩构成了盆地内最佳的源盖组合,成为盆地油气富集的基础。每套优质的盖层之下都发育了一套优质的储层,并与构造作用形成的圈闭形成了盆地良好的储—圈组合,成为油气富集的必要条件。勘探成果显示,盆地西北部以断褶构造圈闭为主要特征,东北部以盐构造和断褶构造圈闭为特征,前陆斜坡区则以大型古隆起控制的圈闭为特征,盆地油气具有自山前带向斜坡区,含油气层位逐渐变老的特征。因此,对盆地的油气勘探,在不同的地区要区别对待。
According to previous research and petroleum exploration data, Persian Gulf Basin on the occurrence of the Arabian plate is researched. The Basin has experienced three evolution stages： Precambrian-Carboniferous intra-continental faulted basin evolution and inversion, Permian-Middle Cretaceous Neo-Tethyan passive margin sedimentary basin evolution and the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic foreland basin sedimentary evolution. Faulted Basin formation is controlled by NW and NS-trending faults, and the clastic, gypsum, salt and carbonate rocks is well developed at this stage. In the stages of passive margin basin and foreland basin evolution, carbonates and gypsum and salt rocks is mainly developed. The evolution of superimposed basin forms organic-rich source rocks of the Precambrian-Lower Cambrian, Silurian, Jurassic and Cretaceous. The gypsum and salt rocks developed in the pre-Cambrian-lower Cambrian, Permian, lower Triassic, upper Jurassic and Miocene is distributed with vertical superimposition and horizontal composite Joint. These seal and source rocks composed of high-quality combination within the basin, and these is the basis of hydrocarbon enrichment. A high-quality reservoir is developed under each set of high-quality cap. The good reservoir-traps combination has become a necessary condition of oil and gas accumulation. Exploration results show that the fault-fold structural traps is mainly in the northwest of the basin, traps related to salt and faultfold is mainly in the northeast, the foreland slope area is characterized by large paleo-uplift control traps. Oil and gas bearing gradually become low from northwest to southeast in the basin. So, the exploration in different areas should be treated differently.
出处
《地质科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期1223-1237,共15页
Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)
基金
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目《海外油气勘探及综合配套技术研究》资助
关键词
波斯湾盆地
断陷盆地
被动陆缘盆地
前陆盆地
叠合演化
油气分布
Persian Gulf Basin, Faulted depression,Passive continental margin basin,Foreland Basin, Superimposed evolution, Petroleum distribution
