摘要
目的根据2011年深圳市水产品监测情况,找出主要危害因素,对人群暴露的风险进行评估。方法对深圳市售水产品重金属、致病菌、贝类毒素、寄生虫进行监测,找出主要危害因素,结合2008年深圳市居民膳食调查中水产品消费量,计算出深圳市居民通过食用水产品,暴露于危害因素的可能风险。结果副溶血性弧菌检出率很高,为29.63%。由于监测的均是生鲜样品,经烹调加工后均可杀灭,对人体造成的直接危害较少,但需合理烹调消除。铅的超标率为6.19%,按深圳市居民每天水产品的消费量计算,通过水产品摄入铅平均值和偏高值均低于FAO/WHO推荐的暂定每日可耐受摄入量PTDI值3μg/kg·d,风险较低;镉的超标率为25.22%。通过水产品摄入镉的量平均值低于FAO/WHO推荐的暂定每月可耐受摄入量PTMI值0.025mg/kg·bw,偏高值为PTMI值的1.2倍,说明如果过多摄入含镉量高的水产品,可能使镉暴露的风险加大;检出腹泻型贝类毒素超标率为18.8%,麻痹型贝类毒素超标率为17.2%,提示食用过多贝类存在一定的风险。结论深圳市水产品存在部分污染,过量食用对人体健康可能存在一定危害。
Objective According to the monitoring situation of aquatic products in Shenzhen 2011, to find out the main risk factors and assessed the population exposure risk. Methods The items of heavy metals, pathogens, parasites, shellfish toxin of aquatic products were monitored, to find the main hazard factors, combining with aquatic products consumption of Shenzhen residents from the residents" dietary investigation of Shenzhen in 2008 and calculating the hazard risks through the consumption of aquatic product. Results Detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was very high, 29.63% but the harm wasn't badly enough for some of them could be eliminated during cooking. Exceeding standard rate of Lead was 6.19%. According to the daily consumption of aquatic products of Shenzhen residents, Lead average and high values from aquatic products ingestion were lower than FAO/WHO recommended provisional tolerable daily intake of PTDI 3ug/kg.d, showing low risk; Exceeding standard rate of Cadmium was 25.22%, the average value from aquatic products ingestion was lower than FAO/WHO recommended provisional tolerable intake per mouth PTMI 0.025rag / kg.bw, high value was PTMI value of 1.2 times, if excessive intake of cadmium containing high amounts of aquatic products, may increase the risk of exposure to cadmium; Diarrhea type shellfish toxins exceed the standard rate was 18.8%.Paralytic shellfish toxins exceed the standard rate was 17.2%, prompting eating too much shellfish meaning to take certain risk. Conclusion The aquatic products in Shenzhen some were polluted and excessive consumption may be harmful to health.
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2012年第5期595-597,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
水产品
卫生状况
风险评估
aquatic products
sanitary status
risk assessment