摘要
民国年间的江南城镇产生了很多变化,包括城市工业的现代化、生活方式的西方化、思想观念的文明化等。在已是"世界的江南"的城镇当中,物质文化与日常生活充满了"现代性"转化的全貌。特别是上海,城市生活与城市空间都得到飞速的发展,成为了江南城市群的中心,这不但改变了以往以苏州、杭州为中心的城市群发展轨道,也进一步加大了江南城市之间发展的落差。不仅杭州落后于上海,苏州更落后于杭州。数量上更多的市镇,在民国时期发展定型的同时,"专业化"发展态势已很不明显,带有较大程度的同质化,即在逐渐行政化的过程中,已向综合性的经济中心、商品中心、文化中心、休闲中心以及交通中心转变了。遗存有丰富历史文化资源的城镇地区,在民国时代的建设过程中,娱乐休闲业成为了当地发展的一个重要取向。报刊上常见的"定期旅行"、"集团旅行"、"郊游"、"观光"等,是时人表达休闲旅游的不同语汇,都可以反映出城市服务功能的一些转向以及时人的生活需求。但是城镇生活中的不良卫生习俗,却是现代化进程中很难予以很快改变的内容。这种生活中的"常态"或"常轨",影响了彼时中外人士对于江南城镇文明生活方式的评判。
During the Republic of China, great changes have taken place in Jiangnan cities and towns, including the modernization of industry in the city, the Westernization of lifestyle, the civilization of views and values, etc. For those cities and towns, they presented a complete picture of modernity in the respect of material culture and daily life. Shanghai, particularly, had been the center of the city agglomeration in Jiangnan delta, for its rapid development of the space and the standard of life, which not only shifted the former route of the development of the agglomeration oriented by Suzhou and Hangzhou, but further expanded the gap between cities in Jiangnan as well. So the development of Hangzhou and Suzhou both lagged behind Shanghai. Furthermore, Suzhou less developed than Hangzhou. More and more market towns, as developing and finalizing during the Republic of China, were less obvious in development trend of specialization, but more in homogenization, that is, they were transformed to comprehensive centers of economy, commodities, culture, leisure and transportation in the gradual process of administrativization. Amidst the process of construction, leisure industry had been a major orientation of development in those regions with rich historical and cultural resources. Different terms used by people then to express recreational tourism, such as ＂the regular travel＂, ＂the group travel＂, ＂excursion＂ and ＂sightseeing＂ could be seen in the newspaper all the time, which was able to reflect the veer of service function and people＇s needs. The bad health habits in cities and towns, however, were difficult to be changed quickly in the process of modernization. Such unhygienic custom, regarded as ＂normal state＂ or ＂normal practice＂, would influence the judgments of Chinese and foreign people towards the lifestyle in Jiangnan delta.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第10期146-154,共9页
Academic Monthly
关键词
江南
城镇变迁
现代化
生活常态
Jiangnan, the changes of cities and towns, modernization, normal living state
