摘要
西方主流经济学者一般视亚当亚当·斯密斯密为其思想源头,并奉之为"现代经济学之父"。然而,他们却是根据其主流理论自身需要而对斯密思想采取选择性的解读。这主要表现在:(1)熊彼特将斯密的经济思想视为瓦尔拉斯一般均衡理论的某种前期思想铺垫,开了选择性解读之先河;(2)西方主流经济学者将斯密的"看不见的手"隐喻解读为自由竞争市场制度下市场机制的神奇作用原理;(3)斯密关于人性的理解,则被解读为以自利为行为之唯一动机的"经济人"概念。这些选择性解读曲解了斯密的思想:(1)将斯密关于自然价格和市场价格关系的论述解读为"均衡理论的雏形"是牵强附会的;(2)斯密的"看不见的手"隐喻只是一种修辞手法,并无特殊理论含义,它与主流经济理论所谓市场机制原理是风马牛不相及的;(3)所谓"经济人"概念则是对斯密的"人性观"的片面歪曲。这些选择性解读塑造出一个虚构的亚当.斯密,严重误导了人们对斯密思想的认识,因此,需要还原一个真实的亚当·斯密。
The modern Western mainstream economists generally looks Adam Smith as its origin of thought, but this is resulted from a selective interpretation of Adam Smith for the purpose of their own need. Joseph Schumpeter understood the economic thought of Adam Smith only as a preliminary preparation for the Walrasian general equilibrium theory; Adam Smith＇s invisible hand metaphor has been interpreted as the principle of market mechanism; and even Adam Smith＇s perception on human nature has been interpreted as the original concept of the so-called economic man. This paper purports to provide an anatomy on these selective interpretations. It shows that Smith＇s argument on the relation between natural price and market price has nothing to do with what Schumpeter referred to the rudimentary equilibrium theory, that Smith＇s invisible hand itself is nothing hut just a metaphor which can not be related with the play of market mechanism in any sense, and that abstracting the concept of economic man from Smith＇s conception of human nature presents a sheer misunderstanding.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第10期72-81,共10页
Academic Monthly
基金
教育部人文社科项目"金融主导型资本主义经济内在不稳定性问题研究"(12YJA790081)的阶段性成果
