摘要
[目的]研究不同施肥制度对川中丘陵区紫色土小麦-玉米轮作系统氧化亚氮(N2O)排放的影响及排放特征。[方法]设6个处理,即有机肥(OM)、氮磷钾肥(NPK)、氮肥(N)、氮磷钾肥配施秸秆(RSDNPK)、氮磷钾肥配施有机肥(OMNPK)和不施肥(CK)。采用静态箱/气相色谱法对不同施肥制度下小麦-玉米轮作系统N2O排放进行定位观测,分析该系统N2O排放特征、6种施肥制度对N2O排放的影响及环境因子与N2O排放之间的关系。[结果]川中丘陵区紫色土小麦-玉米轮作系统N2O排放总量为0.73～4.51 kg/hm2,大小顺序为OM处理>OMNPK处理>N处理>NPK处理>RSDNPK处理>CK,与不施肥相比,N2O排放量分别增加了517.8%、369.9%、275.3%、238.4%和212.3%,各处理间差异在0.05水平显著。在同等施肥条件下,氮磷钾肥配施秸秆可有效地控制N2O的排放。[结论]小麦季、休闲期和玉米季对整个轮作周期N2O排放总量的贡献分别为30%、10%和60%;肥料施用是川中丘陵区紫色土小麦-玉米轮作系统N2O排放量增加的主要驱动因子;土壤温度和水分是影响小麦季和休闲期土壤N2O排放的主要因素;降雨是影响玉米季土壤N2O排放的重要影响因素;土壤含水量偏低是川中丘陵区紫色土小麦季和休闲期出现N2O吸收现象的主要原因;若控制川中丘陵区紫色土WFPS<50%或>80%,则可抑制土壤N2O排放。
[Objective] The Effects of different fertilization systems on the hilly area of purple soil in wheat maize rotation system of nitrous oxide（N2O） emissions and emission characteristics were studied.[Method] 6 treatments were arranged,i.e.organic fertilizer treatment（OM）,NPK fertilizer treatment（NPK）,nitrogen fertilizer treatment（N）,NPK fertilizer and straw treatment（RSDNPK）,NPK fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatment（OMNPK） and without fertilizer treatment（CK）.The static chamber/gas chromatography was usde to set located observation for wheat maize rotation system soil nitrous oxide（N2O） emissions under the different fertilization,the analysis of N2O emissions characteristic and the effects of 6 different fertilization systems on soil N2O emission and the relationship between environment factor and N2O emissions.[Result] The total N2O emissions amount in the wheat-maize rotation system in the hilly area of purple soil was 0.73~4.51 kg/hm2,and the order was OM 〉 OMNPK 〉 N 〉 NPK 〉 RSDNPK 〉 CK.The N2O emissions increased 517.8%,369.9%,275.3%,238.4% and 212.3% respectively,compared with the treatment without fertilization.There were significant differences among different treatments.NPK fertilizer and straw treatment could effectively control N2O emission under the same fertilization condition.[Conclusion] The total N2O emission contributions were 30%,10% and 60% respectively in wheat season,fallow season and corn season to the total rotation periods.Fertilization was the main driving factor for the increase of the soil N2O emission.The soil temperature and moisture was the main factor of soil N2O emissions in wheat season and fallow season.Rainfall was the main factor of soil N2O emissions in corn season.The lower soil moisture content was the main reason of soil N2O absorption phenomenon in wheat season and fallow season in the hilly area of purple soil.The N2O emission from soil could be inhibited if the soil WFPS was controlled by 〈 50% or 〉 80% in the hilly area o
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2012年第28期13777-13780,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
