摘要
利用边界层探测、地面高空观测等资料,对比分析了2010年湖北西南山地一次连续发生的辐射雾和雨雾的环流形势及地面和高空气象要素特征,结果表明:1)500hPa阻塞高压脊和南支槽的反位相叠置有利于湖北西南山地出现雨雾天气。2)地面水平能见度与相对湿度反相关关系非常显著;雨雾与降水的发生、持续和结束几乎同步。3)辐射雾时地面水平能见度与雾滴浓度反相关性比雨雾更为显著;雾含水量越大能见度越低。4)辐射雾发生期间有多个逆温层同时存在,上层逆温更厚更强、下层逆温更为浅薄。雨雾发生时,逆温层可以有2～3个,逆温层底比辐射雾低层逆温层底高,但也可能没有逆温层存在。5)边界层风速小、对流活动弱有利山地辐射雾和雨雾的形成。地面风速很小或者静风,是辐射雾和雨雾生成的共同条件。雨雾发生时对流活动发展的高度比辐射雾高。6)辐射雾空气饱和层的高度低于雨雾。
The circulation conditions and characteristics of ground- and high-level meteorological elements of continuous radiation and rain types of fog in southwestern Hubei are analyzed using boundary detection and automatic ground observatory data. The following results are reported： 1） The inverse overlay of a blocking high-pressure ridge and southern trough benefited the occurrence of rain fog in southwestern Hubei. 2） The ground-level visibility and relative humidity exhibited a significant inverse relationship. Rain fog maintenance was nearly synchronous with the precipitation. 3） Ground-level visibility and cloud droplet concentration were more significant than the rain fog inverse relationship with the occurrence of radiation fog. Visibility and rain fog content also exhibited a significant inverse relationship with the occurrence of radiation fog; however, such a relationship did not exist between visibility and rain fog. Low ground-wind speed or calm wind commonly co-existed with radiation and rain types of fog. 4） The upper inversion layer was stronger, the lower inversion layer was weaker, and multi-inversion layers occurred with radiation fog. The bottom inversion layer of the rain fog was higher than that of radiation fog, although the inversion layer was not always present. However, two--three inversion layers occurred with rain fog. 5） Low boundary-layer wind speed and weak convective activity benefited both fog types occurring in mountainous regions. 6） The saturated air layer height of radiation fog was lower than that of mist.
出处
《气候与环境研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期532-540,共9页
Climatic and Environmental Research
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项2009416016
关键词
辐射雾
雨雾
气象要素
逆温
radiation fog, rain and fog, meteorological element, temperature inversion
