摘要
目的了解全国肺结核的疫情现状，为制定2011-2015年全国结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法2010年在全国176个调查点，采用多阶段分层整群等比例抽样方法，对≥15岁的常住人口进行肺结核症状调查和胸部x线检查。对于有肺结核症状、影像学表现异常者和已知肺结核患者进行痰涂片和痰培养，对痰培养阳性者进行菌种鉴定。采用加权法计算患病率，以调整复杂抽样及性别、年龄构成差异造成的影响。采用卡方检验比较不同人群的患病率。结果实际受检率达96．1％（252940／263281）。活动性、涂阳和菌阳肺结核的患病率分别为459／10万（1310／252940）、66／10万（188／252940）和119／10万（347／252940）；≥60岁人群的患病率最高，分别为1097／10万（637／57456）、177／10万（91／57456）和323／10万（179／57456）；乡村人群中活动性和菌阳肺结核的患病率分别为569／10万（936／138057）和153／10万（255／138057），均显著高于城镇人群的307／10万（374／114883）和73／10万（92／114883）；西部地区的患病率也较高，分别为695／10万（567／69896）、105／10万（84／69896）和198／10万（161／69896）。结论全国的肺结核疫情仍然很重，结核病防治T作亟待加强。老年人群、乡村人群和西部地区应作为防治工作重点。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological trend of pulmonary tuberculosis, and to provide scientific basis for making National Tuberculosis Control Program 2011--2015. Methods Multi- stage stratified clustered sampling method was adopted, and 176 clusters were selected. All residents over 15 years old received interviewing and chest X-ray examination. Sputum smear and culture were done for subjects with abnormal X-ray films and symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis. Strains isolated by culture were further tested to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. A weighted adjustment method accounting for complex sampling was used to calculate prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. Second-order Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square test was used to compare prevalence among different groups. Results The examination rate was 96. 1% （252 940/263 281 ） of the eligible people. The weighted prevalence of active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 459/100 000 （1310/252 940）, 66/100 000 （188/252 940）, 119/100 000 （347/252 940） respectively. Active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence among people over 60 years were 1097/100 000 （637/57 456）, 177/100 000 （91/57 456）, 323/100 000 （179/57 456）. Active and bacteriological positive puhnonary tuberculosis prevalence in rural areas （569/100 000, 936/138057; 153/100 000, 255/138 057） was higher than that in urban areas （307/100 000, 374/114 883; 73/100 000, 92/114 883）. Prevalence in western provinces was high where the active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence was 695/100 000 （567/69 896）, 105/100 000 （84/69 896）, 198/100 000 （161/69 896） respectively. Conclusions The epidemic of tuberculosis is still serious. Tuberculosis control work should be enhanced in high prevalence areas and high risk population.
出处
《中华结核和呼吸杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第9期665-668,共4页
Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
关键词
肺结核
患病率
流行病学
Tuberculosis, pulmonary
Prevalence
Epidemiology
