摘要
目的了解新疆和田地区内科医师对支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）基本概念、治疗及管理的认知状况，为基层少数民族医师的培训提供依据。方法对和田地区26家不同级别医院共246名内科医师进行有关哮喘相关知识问卷调查，其中二级甲等医院1家，内科医师68名；二级乙等医院7家，内科医师122名；一级医院18家，内科医师56名。问题涉及：哮喘定义及哮喘炎症本质、哮喘的症状和诊断、哮喘的药物治疗和首选治疗方法、哮喘防治中存在的误区、全球哮喘防治创议（GINA）知晓情况及医院是否备有吸入激素药物等。结果对哮喘属气道慢性炎症及哮喘治疗方面如首选治疗方法、治疗目标及控制水平分级，回答正确率仅分别为11．8％、21．5％、8．5％和2．0％，且上述问题在二级与一级医院间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。对哮喘GINA知晓率、吸入方法的掌握及慢性疾病理念方面正确率分别为9．3％、13．8％和9．8％。二级甲等医院与二级乙等医院及一级乡镇医院相互间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。关于医院备有吸人支气管扩张剂或糖皮质激素方面，全地区七县一市共8家二级医院均备有药物（1家二级甲等地区医院、7家二级乙等县医院）。一级乡镇医院均无短效支气管扩张剂和糖皮质激素吸入剂的备药。结论我国边疆基层医院，尤其是新疆南疆一、二级县乡镇医院对哮喘的认知防治管理方面存在较多问题，知识陈旧，对GINA知晓率低，不利于基层大量哮喘患者的治疗及管理，规范培训基层少数民族医务人员，使其掌握哮喘防治指南，从而有效指导哮喘患者是基层哮喘管理亟待解决的问题。
Objective To investigate the understanding levels of basic concept, treatment and management of bronchial asthma （asthma） among physicians in small towns around Xinjiang Hetian city so as to providea better training for them. Methods Analysis was made on the questionnaires about the knowledge of asthma filled in by 246 physicians from 26 small town hospitals around Hetian. Of all physicians investigated,there were 68 physicians from the two first class hospital, 122 physicians from the two stage second grade hospital, and 56 physicians from 18 hospitals of grade 1,246 physicians were surveyed by questionnaire to estimate their knowledge about asthma, utility of medication and asthma control, firstlineused drugs and prognosis of asthma, awareness of GINA, etc. Results Among 246 patients, understanding the inflammatory nature of asthma accounted for 11.8%,the percentages for the correct answers that inhaling steroid is the first-line drug for controlling asthma, therapeutic target, control level,GINA＇S meaning,inhalation of master,chronic disease concept were 21.5 %, 8.5 %, 2.0 %,9.3 %, 13.8 % and 9.8 % respectively among all physicians investigated. The percentages were significantly higher among the physicians from hospital of grade 2 than ones among those from hospital of grade 1 （ P 0.05）. As for the question whether there is inhaling steroid prepared at hospital or not. The answer “yes” was in 8 hospital （all hospital of grade 2）, but the answer “ no” was in other hospitals including all hospitals of grade 1. Conclusions The borderland of our country basic level hospital, especially hospitals of grade 1 and 2 in South Xinjiang, there are still quite a lot of problems in understanding prevention, treatment and management of asthma, behaving as old or backward knowledge,lower awareness of GINA. This is unavailable for treatment and management of asthma. Therefore, standard training is badly needed for medical doctors from small town hospitals so that guideline for prevention and treatment o
出处
《国际呼吸杂志》
2012年第16期1210-1213,共4页
International Journal of Respiration
基金
中国气象局气候变化行业专项资助项目（200302013003006008）
首都医科大学基础一临床科研合作基金资助项目（10JLll）
AstraZeneea China Respiratory Research Awards 2011科研专项资金项日
关键词
哮喘
问卷
少数民族医师
Asthma
Questionnaire
Minority nationality physicians
