摘要
针对多项工程要求的多种规格石料开采难题,以铁炉港采石场为工程背景,采用现场调研、工程试验、计算预测和爆破控制技术等方法,研究多种规格石的高效爆破开采技术。施工前,结合采场结构面调查结果和采场爆破漏斗试验,对采场进行岩体块度分区,绘制出满足工程开采的爆破块度分区图,提高了规格石开采的效率;借助Kuz-Ram数学模型,建立爆破设计参数与爆后石料不同块度所占百分率的关系式,根据此关系式可由爆破参数预测爆堆块度和爆破效果,并可根据预测结果对爆破参数进行优化;施工过程中,研究降低粉矿率的崩塌爆破技术,分析其作用机制,并通过对比耦合装药、全孔不耦合装药和不均匀不耦合装药结构的爆破效果,表明不均匀不耦合装药结构崩塌爆破技术能大大降低粉矿率和工程成本。现场应用情况表明,采用这一系列保证规格石开采的技术,不但能满足工程高质量的要求,而且经济效益显著。
According to problems of different dimensions stones mining of many engineering requirements, on the background of the Tielu port quarry, the site investigation, engineering test, mathematical model prediction and blasting control technique are used to study efficient blasting mining techniques. Before construction, the blasting area is divided into different sizes stones in the mining region according to investigating result and blasting crater test, drawing fragmentation map of different sizes stones mining and improving the efficiency of the specifications stone mining. With Kuz-Ram mathematical model, the relation between the blasting design parameters and the percentage of different sizes block stones after blasting is established. Based on the relation, blasting fragmentation and blasting effect can be predicted by blasting parameters. Simultaneously, the blasting parameters are optimized by the prediction results. The decoupling and nonuniform charge collapse blasting to reduce the rate of ore powder is studied during construction; and the mechanism is analyzed. The collapse blasting of the decoupling and nonuniform charge structure can reduce the ore powder and cost, by comparing the blasting effects of coupling charge, the hole charge and the decoupling and nonuniform charge structure. The field application shows that these techniques can meet the engineering requirements and bring economic benefits.
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第7期1462-1468,共7页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
关键词
爆破工程
规格石料
块度分区
块度预测
Kuz-Ram数学模型
崩塌爆破
blasting engineering
dimension stones
regional division
size prediction
Kuz-Ram mathematical model
collapse blasting
