摘要
目的:为我国城乡居民自我药疗行为干预策略的制定提供参考。方法:采用文献回顾的方法,以"自我药疗"为关键词,对2000-2010年中国学术期刊网全文数据库等收录的60余篇相关文献进行综述,分析我国城乡居民自我药疗行为的现状及其影响因素(倾向因素、促成因素、强化因素)。结果与结论:自我药疗的比例呈总体上升趋势,药物的选择方式多受医师、媒体等因素影响,药物的种类以解热镇痛药、抗菌药物为常见,存在盲目用药、不按药品说明书用药、服药方法错误等不良用药行为均为我国城乡居民自我药疗行为的现状。倾向因素是为行为改变提供理由或动机的先行因素,是自我药疗行为产生的内因;促成因素指使行为动机或愿望得以实现的必要条件,强化因素是激励或减弱行为发展的因素,二者为自我药疗行为的外因;三类因素相互作用可影响城乡居民的自我药疗行为。可通过开展健康教育讲座提高居民合理用药意识,提高驻店药师及店员的药学服务质量,加强对大众媒体有关药品广告的监管力度等措施来规范我国城乡居民的自我药疗行为。
OBJECTIVE： To provide the basis for the formulation of self-medication behavior intervention strategies for urban and rural residents in China. METHODS： By using literature review, about 60 related literatures from CNKI during 2000-2010 were reviewed using ＂self-medication behaviors＂ as key word to analyze status quo of self-medication behaviors among urban and rural residents and its relationship with predisposing factors, shaping factors and reinforcing factors. RESULTS ＆ CONCLU-SIONS： The proportion of self-medication behaviors increase in general, drug selection pattern has been influenced by physicians and media, etc. Antipyretic/analgesic drugs and antibiotics are commonly used. Urban and rural residents have many unhealthy self-medication behaviors, such as blind drug use, drug use out of package inserts and wrong methods of taking medicine. Predis-posing factors are antecedent reasons and motive to behavior changes, which are internal cause of self-medication behaviors. Shap- ing factors are necessary to the achievement of motive and wishes; reinforcing factors urge or weaken self-medication behaviors; they are external causes. The three factors interact with one another and influence self-medication behaviors among urban and rural residents. Self-medication behaviors among urban and rural residents can be standardized by improving inhabitants＇ consciousness by health education and pharmaceutical care of pharmacists and shop assistants, reinforcing supervision of drug advertising in mass media.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第29期2782-2784,共3页
China Pharmacy
关键词
城乡居民
自我药疗
用药安全
影响因素
文献研究
Urban and rural residents
Self-medication
Medication safety
Influential factors
Literature study
