摘要
目的分析广西食物中毒事件流行病学特征,为预防和控制食物中毒的发生提供依据。方法收集2000-2011年广西食物中毒档案资料,建立数据库,归类统计分析。结果 12年间广西共发生食物中毒事件1 036起,中毒20 159人,死亡260人,年均发病率3.36/10万,病死率为1.29%,平均中毒规模19.46人/起;发病率前4年呈逐年上升的趋势,2004年后呈下降趋势;中毒起数和中毒人数以6月、9月最多,死亡人数5月最多;家庭和集体食堂为高发场所,农村居民>县乡镇居民>城市居民;植物性食品为食物中毒的主要食物类型;从中毒人数看,致病因素以微生物污染为主(45.16%)。结论食物中毒是广西重要公共卫生问题之一。农村家庭、集体食堂是食物中毒防制重点。加强食品卫生监督、针对不同高发场所制定相应防控措施、普及食品卫生知识、建立食物中毒预警系统和食品污染物与食源性疾病监测及预警系统,是预防和控制食物中毒的重要手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events in Guangxi,and to provide the reference for prevention and control of food poisoning.Methods The data of food poisoning events in Guangxi from 2000 to 2011 were collected and reviewed.The Excel software was used to establish food poisoning database and the data were categorized for statistical analysis.Results There were 1,036 food poisoning events reported in Guangxi in the 12 years,resulting in 20,159 persons involved and 260 deaths.The annual average morbidity rate was 3.36/100,000,the mortality rate was 1.29%,and an average of 19.46 persons was involved in a poisoning event.The morbidity rates in previous four years showed an upward trend,but exhibited a downtrend from 2004.The number of poisoning events and the number of poisoned persons were reported mostly in June and September,while most death cases were reported in May.Most cases occurred in families and collective canteens,the rank was arranged as villagecountycity.The vegetal food was the most common food related to poisoning.As for the number of victims,food polluted by microorganism（45.16%） was the major pathogenic factor.Conclusions Food poisoning has been one of the significant public health problems in Guangxi.The action of prevention and control of food poisoning must be focused on the rural families and collective canteens.The important measures to prevent and control food poisoning are as follows： strengthening food hygiene supervision,drawing up corresponding prevention and control measures according to different sites with high incidence,popularizing food sanitation knowledge,setting up the integrated early-warning system of food poisoning and the monitoring and early-warning system for food pollutants and foodborne diseases.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2012年第7期1023-1026,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
食物中毒
流行病学
特征
分析
Food poisoning
Epidemiology
Characteristics
Analysis
