3Tune A,Appelgren L.Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopec cholecy stectomy.Eur J Surg,1995; 161:256 被引量：1
4Saeed H.Assessment of sedation,analgesia and neuromuscular blackade in the perioperation period.International Anesthesiology Clinics.1996;34(3):225 被引量：1
5Lehmann KA.Tramadol in acute pain.Drugs,1997; 53(2):25 被引量：1
6Stamer UM,Maier C.Tramadol in the management of post-operative pain:a double blind,placebo-and active drug-controlled study.Eur J Anesthesiol,1997; 14:646 被引量：1
7Orkin FK.What do patients want? -Preferences for immediate postoperative recorery.Anesth Analg,1992;74:S225 被引量：1
8Kyles AE,Waterman AE.Antinociceptive effects of combining low doses of neuroleptil drugs and fentanyl in sheep.AM J Vet Res,1993; 54(9):1483 被引量：1
9Natalini CC,Robinson EP.Evaluation of the analgesic effects of epidurally administered morphine,alfentanil,butorphanol,tramadol,and U50488H in horses.Am J Vet Res,2000,61:1579-1586. 被引量：1
10Bailey AG,Valley RD,Freid EB,et al.Epidural morphine combined with epidural or intravenous butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients.Anesth Analg,1994,79:340-344. 被引量：1
4Migliorini F,Tropea F,Perciaccante L,et a1.Tramamdol in PCA pluspropacetamol is a good choice after major orthopaedic surgery[J].Br J Anaesth,1999,82(Suppl l):190. 被引量：1
5Wang F, Shen X,Liu Y, et al. Continuous infusion of butor-phanol combined with intravenous morphine patient-controlledanalgesia after total abdominal hysterectomy : a randomized,double-blind controlled trial [ J ] . Eur J Anaesthesiol, 2009,26(1) :28-34. 被引量：1
6Wilder-Smith CH, Schimke J, Osterwaider B, et al. Oral tram-adol, a mu-opioid agonist and monoamine reuptake-blocker,and morphine for strong cancer-relatedpain [ J ] . Ann Oncol,1994,5(2) :141-146. 被引量：1
