摘要
采用模拟方法研究了稻田3种常用除草剂丁草胺、苄嘧磺隆、2甲4氯钠残留水体对大薸生长的影响。结果显示:(1)3种除草剂水体残留对大薸植株形态影响以苄嘧磺隆处理最为明显,残留浓度大于0.01 mg/L可导致大薸植株大量死亡。4.25 mg/L的丁草胺和3.36 mg/L的2甲4氯钠残留对大薸的生长均有一定的抑制作用,但短期内不能致死。当水体除草剂残留降低至田间常规管理施用浓度的1/8时,即丁草胺0.53 mg/L、苄嘧磺隆0.01 mg/L、2甲4氯钠0.42 mg/L,大薸植株形态的药害影响已经明显减轻。(2)苄嘧磺隆水体残留大于0.01 mg/L时大薸干物质产量显著降低,分株生长受到严重抑制。丁草胺残留浓度为0.53 mg/L时促进大薸干物质积累和分株生长,当残留浓度大于1.06 mg/L时大薸干物质积累和分株生长受到抑制。2甲4氯钠残留浓度低于3.36 mg/L对大薸的干物质产量、分株数及植株含水率影响一般。
Effects of three herbicide （butachlor, bensulfuren -methyl and MCPA -Na） residues in the paddy field water on growth of the aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes were studied by a simulation method. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） among three herbicides, bensulfuron - methyl residues presented obvious effect on the morphological characters of Pistia stratiotes, and it can lead to Pistia stratiotes large number of death while its concentration reached more than 0.01 mg/L. Both 4.25 mg/L butachlor and 3.36 mg/L MCPA - Na had a certain degree inhibition on the growth of Pistia stratiotes, but can＇t lead to death during the short period of time. When the concentration of herbicide residues in water reduced to 1/8 of the conventional concentration level applied in the field i. e. 0. 53 mg/L butachlor,0.01 mg/L bensulfuron - methyl,0.42 mg/L MCPA -Na,the influence of herbicide residues on plant morphology of Pistia stratiotes reduced significantly. （2） When the concentration of bensulfuron - methyl residues in water was higher than 0.01 mg/L, the dry matter yield of P/s- tia stratiotes reduced significantly and the ramets growth was inhibited seriously. Dry matter yield and ramets growth were promoted when butachlor residues concentration was lower than 0.53 mg/L, but were inhibited while bntachlor residues concentration was higher than 1.06 mg/L. The influences of lower than 3.36 mg/L MCPA - Na treatments on dry matter yield, the number of ramets and plant moisture content were not serious.
出处
《杂草科学》
2012年第2期15-19,共5页
Weed Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划(编号:2012BAD14B12)
关键词
大藻
除草剂残留
水生植物
丁草胺
苄嘧磺隆
2甲4氯钠
Pistia stratiotes L.
herbicide residue
aquatic plant
butachlor
bensulfuron - methyl
MCPA - Na
