摘要
疯草是世界范围内危害草原畜牧业可持续发展最严重的毒草。引起家畜疯草中毒的主要成分是吲哚里西啶生物碱——苦马豆素,苦马豆素除具有毒性外,还具有显著的抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、增强免疫等药理活性,有关苦马豆素产生机制、毒理和药理活性研究已成为人们研究的热点。为了揭示疯草毒性物质产生机制、疯草内生真菌与疯草抗逆性,特别是疯草毒性物质与疯草内生真菌互作关系等诸多问题,国内外科技工作者从20世纪末就开始致力于疯草内生真菌生物多样性、疯草内生真菌与苦马豆素产生关系以及与疯草抗逆性形成机制研究,已从多种疯草中分离到可产苦马豆素的内生真菌,并发现疯草内生真菌与疯草之间存在密切关系。本文对近年来国内外疯草内生真菌研究的主要内容及研究现状进行综述,并对该研究领域中存在的若干问题进行了探讨。
Locoweed is the most seriously poisonous plant which threats the sustainable development of pasture husbandry throughout the world. As has been confirmed, the main constituent of the locoweed which causes livestock poisoning is the indolizidine alkaloid-swainsonine. Swainsonine has significant phar- macological activity of antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumor, and improves immune system in addition to its toxicity. Most of the attentions of the research on SW concentrates on the producing mechanisms, toxicol- ogy and pharmacological activities of the SW. Rresearchers domestic and foreign has started to focus on the locoweed endophyte biodiversity, the relationship between the locoweed endophytic fungi and its produc- tion of swainsonine, as well as the mechanism of stress resistance since the end of 20th century to revealing the production mechanism of the toxic substances, the relationship between the endophytic fungi and the stress resistance, especially the interaction between the toxic substances and the endophytic fungi. Swain- sonine-producing endophytic fungus has been isolated from a variety of locoweeds. And it has been found that there existed a close relationship between locoweed endophytic fungi and locoweed. This paper reviewed the main content and the present situation of the researches about locoweed endophytic fungi and made discussion about a number of issues in the field.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第7期1049-1057,共9页
Pratacultural Science
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203062)
国家自然科学基金(31072175)
关键词
疯草
内生真菌
抗逆性
苦马豆素
存在问题
locoweed
endophytic fungi
stress resistance
swainsonine
problems
