摘要
目的了解老年人的人格发展特征及其影响因素,为老年人心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用中国人人格量表对北京市的200名离退休人员进行问卷调查,并对数据进行方差分析、t检验和事后检验。结果离退休人员在中国人人格量表的7个维度的得分性别间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组间,除了在情绪性维度上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在外向性、善良、行事风格、人际关系、才干、处世态度各维度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);个体步入离退休生活之后,不同年龄段情绪性的发展呈"U"型,中年龄组(59～68岁)得分最低(33.21±7.30);中年龄组与低年龄组[53～58岁,(35.86±8.10)]和高年龄组[69～88岁,(36.74±6.67)]在情绪性维度得分间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护理人员根据不同年龄阶段的离退休人员的情绪特点,制定个性化的心理疏导措施,对于老年人保持心理健康,安度晚年具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of personality developments among senior citizens, and provide the basis for the elderly mental health education. Methods A survey was conducted among 200 retirees in Beijing using Chinese Personality Scale （QZPS）. Data was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and back test. Results Among the seven dimensions of QZPS, there was no significant difference between male and female （P 〉 0. 05）. In different age groups, significant differences were found in the dimension of emotionality （ P 〈 0.05 ） while no difference was found in the dimensions of extraversion, goodness, lifestyle, relationships with others, talent and attitude towards life （P 〉 0. 05）. For individuals in retirement, the development of emotionality appeared to have a ＂U＂ shaped trend. Subjects aged 59 -68 years had the lowest score （33.21 ±7. 30）, while subjects aged 53 -58 year and subjects aged 69 -88 years both had higher score, （35. 86±8. 10） and （36. 74 ±6.67） respectively （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion In order to keep the elderly mentally healthy and let them enjoy their live, it＇ s important for paramedics to create individual psychotherapy according to the personality character of different age groups.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2012年第5期407-409,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
全军医学科学技术研究"十二五"计划保健专项课题(11BJZ18)
