摘要
目的探讨小儿肾小管酸中毒的临床诊治经验。方法对确诊为肾小管酸中毒(RTA)的12例儿童的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果多饮多尿、营养不良、发育迟缓是小儿RTA常见的临床表现;12例(100%)患儿均出现低血钾及碱性尿,8例(66.7%)出现血氯增高,8例(66.7%)肾脏B超检查提示有肾钙质沉积。误诊率高达66.7%(8/12),其中误诊为低钾有33.3%(4/12),误诊为急性胃肠炎2例,尿崩症、上呼吸道感染各1例。结论小儿肾小管酸中毒临床表现多样,易被误诊,电解质检查异常是早期发现本病的重要依据,对异常者应进一步检查与追踪观察。
Objective To explore clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment of the pediatric renal tubular acidosis （RTA）. Methods Clinical data of 12 cases with pediatric RTA were retrospectiely analysed in this study. Results Polydip- sia, polyuroia, malnutrition and hypoevolutism were the common clinical manifestations in the pediatric RTA. Imaging and laboratry examinations showed that hypopotassemia and alkaline urine in 12 cases （100%）, hyperchloraemia in 8 cases （66.7%） and nephroealeinosis in 8 cases （66.7%）. The misdiagnosis rate reached 66.7%（8/12）. The disease of 8 middiagno- sis cases included kaliopenia in 4 cases （33.3%）, acute gastroenteritis in 2 cases,diabetes insipidus in one case and upper respiratory tract infection in one case. Conclusion Clinical manifestion of RTA are complicated and thus RTA is easily misdiagnosed. The abnormality of electrolyte is an important basis for early diagnosis with RTA . There is a need for fur- ther examination and abservation to those patients.
出处
《中国当代医药》
2012年第17期20-21,共2页
China Modern Medicine
关键词
肾小管酸中毒
儿童
低钾血症
误诊
Renal tubular acidosis
Children
Kaliopenia
Misdiagnosis
