摘要
作为政府经济管制和反垄断的基础,市场势力的定量测度以及福利损失的有效估算是至关重要的基本问题。由于产品异质性带来的模型设定陷阱,之前陈甬军,周末(2009)使用的新实证产业组织模型仅适用于测度少数产品差异很小的产业的市场势力。本文在Klette和Desouza的基础上给出了一种更具一般性的,可以在异质性产品市场测度市场势力和垄断损失的方法,克服了不可观测的产品异质性和技术冲击导致的影响。随后,采用全国规模以上工业企业数据库数据,估计了产品差异非常大的白酒制造业市场势力溢价,并以此为依据,计算了由于市场势力溢价带来的福利净损失,验证了模型的有效性和稳健性。计量结果证明尽管白酒制造业市场结构较为分散,但是具有极强的市场势力,2008年白酒制造企业运用市场势力带来的福利净损失高达180.97亿元。
As the basis of economic regulation and antitrust, the quantitative measurement of the market power as well as the effective estimate of the welfare loss is crucial and fundamental issue. However, due to the trap brought by product heterogeneity, the new empirical industrial organization model Chen Yongjun and Zhou Moonce used applies only to measuring the market power of very few industries with small product heterogeneity. This paper gives a more common method which can measure the market power and welfare loss in the heterogeneous product markets, overcomes the effects of price differences originated from the observed heterogeneity of products and the influence of input changes derived from the shock of exogenous technological progress. Subsequently, using a panel of firm-level data from a national database of industrial enterprises above the designated size, this paper quantitatively calculate the markup of the liquor manufacturing industry which has large product heterogeneity. Then we measure the net loss of welfare according to the estimation result of markup, verifying the validity and robustness of the model. The result proves that although the market structure of liquor manufacturing industry is somewhat dispersed, it possesses inevitable market power. In 2005, the net loss of welfare as a result of market power among the liquor manufacturing industry can be high up to 18 billion RMB.
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期120-132,共13页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"中国自然垄断产业管制模式的优化研究--基于福利损失测度的视角"(批准号70940012)
银兴经济学研究基金项目"市场势力测度与福利损失估算"
关键词
产品异质性
市场势力测度
福利损失估算
新实证产业组织
白酒产业
product heterogeneity
estimation of market power
estimation of welfare loss
new empirical industrial organization
liquor manufacturing industry
