摘要
目的了解广州市中小学生的结核病防治知识知晓现状和获取知识的途径,评价学生接受不同形式教育的效果,为学校结核病防治工作的开展提供依据。方法采用逐级分层整群抽样方法,抽取广州市24所中小学校学生9 238名,随机分入4组进行干预。采用"广州市中小学校结核病防治知识调查问卷",于干预前和干预后1～2周进行问卷调查,并对教育效果进行评价。结果中小学生获取结核病相关知识渠道首先是广播、电视及录像,其次是学校卫生课和墙体广告、宣传栏、标语。教育前结核病防治知识总知晓率为76.0%,教育后总知晓率为87.1%。在接受不同形式的教育后,小学一～六年级学生结核病防治知识得分顺序依次是课堂教学、主题班会、观看动画宣传片、发放提纲自学;初中生得分依次是观看动画宣传片、课堂教学、主题班会、发放提纲自学;高中生得分依次是发放提纲自学、观看动画宣传片、主题班会、课堂教学。不同教育方式之间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论广州市中小学校学生结核病防治知识教育短期效果良好;初中及以下学生采用课堂教学和主题班会的形式效果较好,而高中学生自学的效果更好。
Objective To understand the status of tuberculosis （TB） prevention and control knowledge and learn what the means access to knowledge for students of the primary and secondary school in Guangzhou, to evaluate the effects with different educational modes. Methods Multi- level stratified random sampling was used to choose 9 238 students of 24 primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou. Students were divided into four groups of different ages. They were randomly into 4 groups for health education in different ways. Firstly ,baseline survey of knowledge awareness rate a- bout TB prevention and control was performed. Secondly,people of different groups using different intervention models of health education. After 1-2 weeks, effectiveness of education was evaluated. Statistical analysis were calculated by SPSS system. Results The main path which the students ob- tained the knowledge for tuberculosis control was from radio, television,video, school teaching, wall advertising,publicity columns and slogans. The to- tal awareness rate was 76.0% （ before health education and 87.1% after health education. After different forms of education, students in the elementa- ry school 1-3 grades and 4-6 grades,scores from high to low were classroom instruction, subject class meeting, watching animation promotional film, provide compendium to study independently separately. Students in the junior middle school, scores from high to low were watch animation promotional film, classroom instruction, subject class meeting, provide compendium to study independently separately. Students in the high school, scores from high to low were watching animation promotional film,providing compendium to study independently separately, subject class meeting,classroom instruction. These differences have statistical significance （P〈0.01）. Conclusion After undergoing the education,the short-term effect is remarkable. For the junior high school students and pupils,effect of health education with classroom teaching and subject class meeting are
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第5期538-540,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
广州市医药卫生科技资助项目(2008-YB-099)
关键词
结核
知识
干预性研究
学生
Tuberculosis
Knowledge
Intervention studies
Students
