摘要
目的了解神经外科住院患者医院感染发生的情况,为今后制定有关的预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查的方法,查阅患者的相关资料,分析医院感染的发生率、感染部位构成比、病原菌构成比、以及患者基本情况(年龄、性别、住院时间、原发病病种)与医院感染发生的关系。结果医院感染的感染率为8.46%,例次感染率为9.04%。发生医院感染的患者感染部位按照感染率顺位,依次为呼吸系统感染55.71%、泌尿系统15.71%、中枢神经系统11.43%。革兰阴性菌55株(66.27%),革兰阳性菌16株(19.28%),真菌12株(14.46%)。按照感染菌株的构成比排序,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌所占构成比较高。不同住院时间及不同的原发病种间,医院感染的发生率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而不同年龄、不同性别间医院感染率无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌是引起医院感染的主要菌种,住院时间长、发生颅脑损伤的患者更易发生医院感染,应针对以上特点采取相应的预防控制措施。
Objective To explore the hospital infection among nerve surgery patients, so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods By retrospective analysis, we reviewed the related data, and analyzed the association of hospital infection with incidence, infection location, pathogenic bacteria proportion and basic situation of patients （ sex, age, hospital stay time and type of pathogenic bacteria）. Results The hospital infection rate was 8.46%, and followed by the case infection rate of 9. 04%. The rates of hospital infection in different location were 55. 71% in respiratory tract infection, 15.71% in urinary system, 1 I. 43% in nerve system. There were 55 strains of gram negative bacteria, accounting for 66. 27%. There were gram positive bacteria, accounting 19. 28%. There were 12 strains of fungus, accounting 14. 46%. According ranks of susceptible strains, the oscherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aurens accounted a high proportion. There were significant in the hospital infection rate of different hospital stay time and different strains （P 〈 0. 05 ）. However, there was no significant difference in different age and sex （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion The escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus were the main strains for the hospital infection, and long term hospital and craniocerebml injury patients is more tend to have hospital stay, and related measures should be taken to prevention.
出处
《四川医学》
CAS
2012年第5期885-887,共3页
Sichuan Medical Journal
关键词
神经外科
医院感染
neurosurgery
hospital infection
