摘要
创造性、新颖性、实用性是专利授权的三个实质条件,其中尤以创造性最主观、最难以把握。创造性在美国称为"非显而易见性",在欧洲称为"创造性步骤",在日本称为"进步性",其意义基本相同。而在我国,"创造性"由两部分构成:一是"突出的实质性特点",等同于"非显而易见性",其构成要素之一是"现有技术"。为了有效防止垃圾专利泛滥,建议对"现有技术"做出最大范围的认定;二是"显著的进步",体现为"有益的技术效果",形式上看似中国专利创造性条件比其他国家更高,而实际上这是专利实用性条件的主要内涵。为了简化创造性的审查,建议我国在专利创造性条件中取消对"显著的进步"的要求。
Creativity, Novelty, Practicality are three substantive conditions for patent hcensing, among which Creativity is espe-cially most subjective, most difficult to grasp. Creativity is called “Non -Obviousness” in the United States, “Inventive Step” in Europe or“Progressive” in Japan, which meanings are basically the same. In China, Creativity consists of two parts： one is “Prominent Substantive Features”, which is equivalent to “Non-Obviousness”; the other is “Significant Progress”, which re-flects“Beneficial Technical Effects”. As one of the dements of “Prominent Substantive Features”,“Prior Art” is recommended to be identified in maximum range in order to effectively prevent garbage patents flooding. In form Creativity in China appears higher than those in other countries, but in fact “Beneficial Technical Effects” is the main connotation of patent Practicality con-dition. In order to simplify Creativity review, it is recommended to cancel the requirement of “Significant Progress” in Creativity in China.
出处
《法学论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第3期149-154,共6页
Legal Forum
