摘要
目的探讨老年尿路感染患者的常见病原菌,并对耐药性进行分析,为临床诊治提供参考。方法回顾性分析我院2009年12月～2011年12月住院的尿路感染患者435例,对其中段尿标本进行细菌培养加药敏试验。结果老年人尿路感染仍以革兰阴性菌为主,占77.24%(336/435),排在前三位的革兰阴性菌是大肠埃希菌、奇异变形杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,比较三种阴性杆菌对抗生素的耐药性,头孢噻吩、氨苄西林和哌拉西林等药物的耐药性较高,头孢哌酮舒巴坦的耐药性最低;革兰阳性菌占22.76%(99/435),排在前三位的革兰阳性菌是粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。万古霉素对常见的革兰阳性杆菌均敏感,青霉素G和氧氟沙星的耐药性较高,万古霉素最敏感;添加酶抑制剂的抗生素耐药性较不加酶的低。结论尿路感染以革兰阴性菌大肠埃希菌为主,耐药性高,临床应按药敏结果合理选择抗生素,加酶抗生素可作为经验用药的首选。
Objective To explore urinary infection of elderly patients with common pathogens, and the resistance is ana- lyzed, this provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods All of 435 patients with urinary infection are retrospective analysed from December 2009 to December 2011, the period of urine samples with the bacteria cultures of drug sensitive test. Results The old urinary tract infections still with of gram-negative bacteria was 77.24% （336/435）, the first three of gram-negative bacteria was escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and pneumonia clay bacteria, compare three kind of negative bacillus their resistance to antibiotics, thiophene cephalosporins, ampicillin and piperaeillin drugs such as the high resistance, cefoperazone/sulbactam was lowest resistance; Gram-positive bacterium was 22.76% （99/435）, the first three gram-positive cocci, bowel was dung staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. Vancomycin to the com- mon gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to penicillin G and resistance to levofloxacin higher, the most sensitive van- comycin; add enzyme inhibitors of antibiotic resistance compared with none of the enzyme low. Conclusion Urinary infec- tion to gram-negative bacteria accounted for most, high resistance, clinical medicine sensitive results should be according to the reasonable choice of antibiotics, add enzymes can be used as a drug experience of antibiotic is the first choice.
出处
《中国现代医生》
2012年第12期120-121,128,共3页
China Modern Doctor
关键词
老年人
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Aged people
Urinary tract infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
