摘要
探讨个性、婚姻质量、收入等因素对老年人主观幸福感的影响。方法 :研究对象系 34 6例城市老年人。主观幸福感包括正性情感、负性情感和总体生活满意感 ,影响因素涵盖一般情况、个性、婚姻家庭、工作、退休、住房、健康、收入、兴趣与活动 9个方面。数据采用多元回归和简化路径分析。结果 :( 1)在多元逐步回归中 ,外向性对正、负性情感的 β值分别为0 .384 5、- 0 .1975,神经质对正、负性情感和满意感的 β值分别为 - 0 .1358、0 .62 60、- 0 .2 32 0。 ( 2 )除个性外 ,对正性情感有独立作用的因素有婚姻质量 ( β =0 .182 1)、兴趣的广泛性 ( β =0 .12 71)和为子女操心 ( β =- 0 .10 4 2 ) ,对负性情感有独立作用的因素有性别 ( β =- 0 .172 2 )、教育程度 ( β =- 0 .12 18)、退休应激 ( β =0 .10 4 9)和兴趣的广泛性 ( β =- 0 .10 2 7) ,对满意感有独立作用的因素有婚姻质量 ( β =0 .372 2 )、工作应激 ( β =- 0 .2 379)、居住环境 ( β =0 .1857)和收入 ( β =0 .134 6)。 结论 :个性是影响老年人主观幸福感的最重要因素 ,不同个性维度对幸福感的不同方面有不同的影响力 ,多种因素通过个性影响幸福感。
To explore the influence of personality and other variables on the subjective well-being of the elderly. Methods:A total of 346 urban elderly was sampled. The indices of subjective well-being were positive affection, negative affection and general life satisfaction. Influential factors were about general variables, personality, family, work, retirement, housing, health, income, interests and activities, totally 9 domains. Results:(1) In multi-variable stepwise regression analysis, the β values of the extraversion on the positive, negative affections were 0.3845 and -0.1975 separately, and the β values of the neroticism on the positive affection, negative affection and total life satisfaction were -0.1358, 0.6260 and -0.2320 separately. (2) Other than personality, marriage quality(β=0.1821), interests(β=0.1271) and worry about children(β=-0.1042) had independent effects on positive affection, and sex(β=-0.1722), education(β=-0.1218), retirement stress (β=0.1049) and intersts (β=-0.1027) on negative affection, and marriage quality (β=0.3722), work stress (β=-0.2379), residence envionment (β=0.1857) and income (β=0.1346) on satisfaction. Conclusion: Personality was the most powerful influential factor on the subjective well-being of the elderly, different dimension of personality had different effects on distinguished aspects of well-being, and many factors exert their effects on well-being through personality.
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSCD
2000年第2期73-78,共6页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
关键词
老年人
主观幸福感
个性
心理社会因素
The elderly, Subjective well-being, Personality, Psycho-social factors
