摘要
河台金矿目前采用的采矿方法主要为浅孔留矿法 ,少数为上向分层块石干式充填法 .前者因未能有效支护采空区 ,减少采动地应力 ,且矿柱矿量占矿块矿量 34 %～ 42 % ,矿房大量放矿处于上覆崩落岩石下 ,造成采矿二次贫化率难以控制 .后者虽能有效支护空区 ,有利于降低采矿贫化、损失率 ,但因生产工艺复杂 ,工人劳动生产强度大 ,矿块综合生产能力小 ,满足不了矿山生产能力的要求 .对此 ,提出切合矿山实际情况的采矿方法改进设想———人工砼底板浅孔留矿法 .该法通过人工砼底板对采空区的隔离与支护 ,有效减缓了地应力集中 ,提高围岩稳固性 ,并避免了在崩落覆盖岩石下大量放矿 ,从而有效地减少采矿总贫化率 .
The main mining method applied in Hetai gold mine is the shallow drilling ore partly retained method. In a few ore blocks, the up separating layer dry rock filling method is used too. With the former method, the mining secondary depletion can hardly be controlled because of the facts that are the mining empty area unable to be supported, the mining strata stress not effectively decreased and the ore pillar amount to a higher ratio approximately 34_42% of the ore blocks. Thus the mass ore of the stope is put out under the collapsing cover rock. For the latter one, although the empty area can be effectively controlled by filling and ore depletion rate as well as ore loss diminished, yet its production process is rather complicated, labour strength much heavier and integrated productive capability lowering down. Based on thorough investigation, a new tentative idea of shallow drilling ore partly retained method with reinforced concrete artificial base has been raised. This new method is of great significance for its empty area being efficaciously supported and isolated by the artificial base, its stress concentration of the strata being diminished, stability of the country rock increased and the mass ore putting out under the collapsing cover rock avoided. So it follows that the total ore depletion rate will be remarkably decreased.
关键词
采矿方法
浅孔留矿法
采矿
金矿床
Hetai gold mine
mining method
tentative idea for the improvement on mining method
reinforced concrete artificial base
shallow drilling ore partly retained method
