摘要
本文基于水足迹的基本理论和方法,测算了2003年至2009年全国农区主要省(区)的畜牧业水资源承载力。同时构建了畜牧业水资源可持续利用指标,分析农区主要省(区)畜牧业持续发展的潜力。研究结果表明:①南方农区的大部分省(区)及北方农区中的黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和安徽属于水资源盈余地区,有条件扩大畜牧业生产规模;北方农区的河北、河南和山东一直处于水赤字的状态,应对畜牧业生产进行调整;②安徽、江西、湖北、广东、广西、重庆、四川、贵州和云南的畜牧业水资源不可持续,虽然现阶段水盈余量还较大,但应密切关注水盈余的变化情况,并适当控制畜牧业的发展速度;③在考虑灰水的情况下,辽宁、吉林的水资源不可持续的风险较高,应适当调整种植业结构,增加有机肥使用;不考虑灰水的情况下,湖南的水资源不可持续的风险较高,应降低畜牧业发展速度。
Water consumption is increasing rapidly with the development of livestock husbandry.Currently,livestock pollution has become one of the most important sources of water pollution.To solve this problem,it is critical to estimate water resources carrying capacity for livestock husbandry in certain region.This paper has developed a new method to calculate water resources carrying capacity for livestock husbandry and it is based on water footprint theory and calculation method.Water surplus or water deficit can be used as the evaluation index of the capacity and it is represented by the difference between a region＇s available water resource and the total water consumption of farming,livestock husbandry and non-agricultural industries.The most prominent feature of the method used in the paper is the consideration of grey water for livestock husbandry,which refers to the water that has diluted excess nitrogen.With this method,the paper has estimated the water resources carrying capacity for livestock husbandry of main provinces（regions） in agricultural area from 2003 to 2009.At the same time,the paper has constructed an indicator of sustainable utilization of water resources for livestock husbandry to analyze their potential carrying capacity.The data come from China Statistical Yearbook（2004-2010） and China Rural Statistical Yearbook（2004-2010）.The results show that：1） Most provinces（regions） in southern agricultural area and northeastern provinces（Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning） and Anhui in northern agricultural area are areas with water surplus.Therefore,there is possibility for them to expand the scale of livestock production.Hebei,Henan and Shandong,which are in northern agricultural area,have been in the state of water deficit and livestock production in those areas should be adjusted;2） Water resources for livestock husbandry are not sustainable in Anhui,Jiangxi,Hubei,Guangdong,Guangxi,Chongqing,Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan,although the water surplus is still large at present;3） If grey
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期394-400,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家社科重大项目:"建设以低碳排放为特征的农业产业体系和农产品消费模式研究"(编号:10zd&031)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目:"环境规制约束下生猪生产布局演变及影响研"(编号:12YJCZH275)
关键词
畜牧业
水足迹
灰水
水资源承载力
Livestock husbandry
Water footprint
Grey water
Water resources carrying capacity
