摘要
LNG的出现使天然气市场更加广阔。2000年以来,随着LNG贸易的发展,LNG在国际天然气贸易中的份额不断增加,并对管道天然气形成竞争态势。同时,LNG现货和短期贸易以其灵活的定价机制和准确反映天然气市场供求变化的特点,在LNG贸易中的比重逐渐增大,逐步对LNG长期合同价格和管道天然气价格产生很大的压力。从成本来看,当距离超过3520千米,LNG贸易比管道天然气贸易更为有利;从稳定供应的角度看,管道天然气的风险要小于LNG。为促进中国天然气市场的发展,增强天然气长期稳定供应能力,中国应加快形成天然气的竞争性市场,完善天然气价格的市场化形成机制,同时在进口天然气资源时应平衡好LNG与管道天然气之间的关系。
LNG broadens the gas market.Since 2000 and the development of LNG trading LNG has occupied an increasing share of international gas trade and become competitive with pipeline gas.In the meantime,as spot and short-term LNG boast a flexible pricing mechanism that accurately reflects supply-demand change in the gas market,they occupy an increasing share of total LNG trade and thus gradually put very big pressure on the long-term contractual LNG and pipeline gas price.When the distance exceeds 3,520 kilometers,LNG is less costly than pipeline gas,but pipeline gas'risk of interruption is lower than LNG.In order to promote the development of China's gas market,and strengthen its long-term stable gas supply capability,China will accelerate the formation of a competitive market for gas,and improve the mechanism for market-driven gas pricing.Meanwhile,China will balance the relative shares of LNG and pipeline gas in resource imports.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2011年第12期40-46,103-104,共7页
International Petroleum Economics
