摘要
精神分裂症的治疗不仅包括药物治疗,还包括为患者提供支持、有效的信息、心理社会干预以及康复治疗。中国的研究者在精神分裂症患者非药物治疗领域进行着各项研究,而国外研究数据一致显示心理社会干预可以降低复发率和再住院率。尽管缓解症状仍然是精神分裂症治疗的一个重要目标,但工作、学习、独立生活及社会化方面的功能损伤往往也是患者及其家属关注的重点。因此,精神分裂症患者更有可能从着重于减轻残疾的干预中获益。本文对中外有效应用于精神分裂症患者的主要心理社会干预进行综述,包括认知行为治疗、社会技能训练、家庭干预、认知纠正、心理教育、职业训练、危机干预及综合心理治疗;同时就中外心理社会干预的差异进行讨论。
The comprehensive treatment of schizophrenia is not limited to pharmacotherapy; it also involves the provision of ongoing support and psychosocial interventions aimed at the social rehabilitation of the patient. Research about nonpharmacological treatments for people With schizophrenia is limited in China but studies from other countries have shown that psychosocial interventions can decrease the risk of relapse and re-hospitalization. Symptom reduction remains an important treatment goal in schizophrenia but patients and their family members are often more concerned about the functional impairments in work, education, independent living and socialization. Thus, patients with schizophrenia would benefit from interventions that target reduction in their level of disability. This article reviews the main psychosocial interventions that have been used effectively in patients with schizophrenia in China-cognitive-behavioral therapy, social skills training, family intervention therapy, cognitive remediation, psycho-education, vocational training, crisis intervention, and integrated psychotherapy--and discusses differences between the use of psychosocial interventions in China and abroad.
出处
《上海精神医学》
2011年第6期368-375,共8页
Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry
关键词
精神分裂症
非药物治疗
心理社会干预
Schizophrenia
Nonpharmacological treatment
Psychosocial interventions
