摘要
在土培盆栽条件下,以磷高效小麦(CD1158-7、省A3宜03-4)和磷低效小麦(渝02321)为材料,研究了不施磷、施磷(P)10、20和30mg/kg对小麦不同生育时期生物量、籽粒产量及氮、磷、钾的积累与分配的影响。结果表明:(1)随施磷量的减少,不同磷效率品种小麦籽粒产量和生物量均减少;同一施磷处理,磷高效品种籽粒产量和生物产量高于磷低效基因型。不施磷、施磷10mg/kg,高效品种CD1158-7、省A3宜03-4的籽粒产量为低效品种渝02321的1.84倍和1.74倍、1.64倍和1.27倍。(2)低磷处理,磷高效品种小麦植株能够积累较多的氮素;扬花期之前,磷高效品种氮素积累量占小麦全生育期积累量的比例高于低效品种。拔节期、孕穗期氮素分配比例为叶>茎>根,扬花期为叶>茎>穗>根,而成熟期为籽粒、颖壳>茎>叶>根。拔节期和孕穗期磷高效品种根的氮素分配比例高于低效品种,而扬花期和成熟期磷高效品种穗(籽粒)氮素分配比例较高。(3)小麦植株磷素积累量主要集中在拔节期以后的生育时期,占全生育期的82.32%～94.23%。低磷处理,高效品种在拔节期和孕穗期磷素积累量高于低效品种,孕穗期尤为突出。扬花期之前,不施磷处理下,磷高效品种根的磷素分配比例较高。(4)不同施磷处理下,拔节期、孕穗期及扬花期,磷高效品种小麦的钾积累量高于低效品种。不同器官钾素分配比例拔节期和孕穗期均为叶>茎>根,扬花期为茎>叶>穗>根,成熟期为茎>叶>籽粒、颖壳>根。磷高效品种在颖壳和籽粒的钾素分配比例高于低效品种。
In order to study the effects of different P rates on biomass, grain yield and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation and their distribution at different stages, P-efficient wheat eultivars （CD1158-7, Sheng A3 yi 03-4） and P-inefficient wheat cultivars （Yu 02321 ） were supplied with 0, 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 30mg/kg P under pot experiment. Results were as follows： （ 1 ） When applied P reduced, the amount of total biomass and grain yield were decreased among all tested cultivars. Under the same P application level, the amounts of biomass and grain yield of P- efficient wheat cultivars were higher than that of P-inefficient cultivar. The grain yields of P-efficient cultivars was respectively 1.84 times and 1.74 times, 1.64 times and 1.27 times higher than that of P-inefficient cultivar under 0, 10mg/kg P application. （2） The amount of nitrogen accumulation of P-efficient cultivars was higher than that of P- inefficient cultivar under lower P rates. And the ratio about nitrogen accumulation during the whole growth period of P-efficient wheat cultivars was higher than that of P-inefficient cultivar before the flowering stage. The distribution ratio of nitrogen were significantly difference, leaf 〉 stem 〉 root （ at at jointing and booting stage）, leaf 〉 stem 〉 spike 〉 root （ at flowering stage） and grain, glume 〉 stem 〉 leaf 〉 root （at maturing stage）. The P-efficient wheat with nitrogen distribution ratio in root were higher than that of P-inefficient wheat cultivar at jointing and booting stage, and with higher distribution ratio in spike or grain at flowering and maturing stage. （ 3 ） The ratio of 82.32% - 94.23% phosphorus was accumulated after jointing stage. The amount of P accumulation of P-efficient wheat cultivars were higher than that of P-inefficient cultivar at jointing and booting stage, under lower P application, especially at booting stage. P- efficient wheat cultivars have higher distribution ratio at root before flowering stage. （4） Under diffe
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期141-149,共9页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(40901138)
国家科技支撑计划子课题(2008BAD98B03)
关键词
小麦
磷效率
氮
磷
钾
分配
wheat
phosphorus use efficiency
nitrogen
phosphorus
potassium
distribution
