摘要
在马克思恩格斯看来,国家有超阶级性的一面。虽然列宁也有非政治国家的提法,但他的非政治国家与国家的超阶级性不是一回事。马克思恩格斯认为,无产阶级夺取国家政权后应实行更广泛的民主制度,以防止公仆蜕变为国家的主人;列宁的无产阶级专政说则对民主制度的制衡作用持否定态度,否认无产阶级民主和资产阶级民主的继承性。列宁的国家观过于强调国家的阶级性质,强调其暴力镇压作用,这是他过于突出人的阶级身份、忽视了人的阶级之外的身份的必然结果。
According to the theory of Marx and Engels, the state has the feature of exceeding class. Lenin proposed the state of non-politics, but it's not the same as the state of exceeding class. Marx and Engels held the belief that in order to prevent servants from becoming masters of the state, proletariats should carry out democratic system more widely after seizing the state power. Lenin denied the bourgeois" democratic system in capitalism and cut off the succession between proletariat democracy and bourgeois democracy. Lenin emphasized the class nature and violent repression of the state extremely, which resulted from his overemphasizing people's class identity and ignoring the identity beyond class.
基金
天津市哲学社会科学研究规划项目(TJZX10-052)
天津师范大学引进人才项目(5RW090).
关键词
政治国家
非政治国家
阶级
民主制度
the state of politics
the state of non-politics
class
democratic system