摘要
疑问代词"什么"在现代汉语感叹句中的用法主要有:(1)起引述作用时的"少跟我V什么X"式、位于句首时的"什么+N"式和"什么+VP"式;(2)只起加强否定作用的"没什么+X"式;(3)用反问句形式表示否定意义的所有句式;(4)表示否定的"什么+P(名词)"式、"什么+VP"式;(5)独用时的"什么"。我们发现进入感叹句的"什么"在语义上和进入陈述句、祈使句的语义没有太大的差别。因此,"什么"的语义并不是其进入感叹句的决定因素。"什么"进入感叹句与所用句法结构的形式特征密切相关。
There are two negative usages of the interrogative pronoun ＂Shenme in exclamatory sentences＂ of contemporary Chinese. First, rhetorical question forms express the negative meaning, excluding the forms of ＂V/A ＋ Shenme＂, ＂V ＋ Shenme ＋ P＂ and ＂X ＋ Shenme ＋ X＂. Second, there are other two forms, ＂Shenme ＋ P （noun）＂, ＂Shenme ＋ VP＂ , express the negative meaning. Having researched on these forms, we drew the conclusions ： The negative meaning of ＂Shenme＂ are ex- pressed by these positive featured structures not by the negative sentences. This usage is one of main usages of ＂Shenme＂ in exclamatory sentences. The quantity appearance of rhetorical question forms of ＂Shenme＂ indicates that ＂Shenme＂ expresses question initially then turns to expressing exclamation.
出处
《云南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2012年第1期114-117,共4页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Social Science)
关键词
“什么”
感叹句
用法
interrogative pronouns
exclamatory sentences of contemporary Chinese
the negative usage
