摘要
《书经》所载“仲康日食”的时间确定问题一直是夏年代学中的一个难题 基于华夏历史时期天文家们的研究成果 ,尤其是根据复原了的元代《授时历》交食推步术及有关史料 ,重新考察这次日食事件及古代的推步结果 ,确认了郭守敬等用《授时历》推算出的“仲康日食”发生的日期当是公元前 2 12 8年 10月 13日 ;提供了由《授时历》方法编算的 - 2 2 0 0至 - 1799年日食典 ;
The Zhong Kang solar eclipse mentioned in the “Yin Zheng”(“Punitive Expedition of Yin”)in the Shang Shu, the Chinese book of historical documents,is Known as the earliest one in the world. It was recorded in the Bamboo Annals under the fifth year of Zhong Kang(the fourth emperor) of Xia dynasty (the first dynasty of China, about BC 21st-16th centuries). It said “in his fifth year,autumn,ninth month (lunar month),day Gengxu (the Chinese ancient date recorded method being of the 60 day cycle, that the repetitive cycle is independent of any astronomical parameter, each day within this cycle has its own name just like Gengxu, 47 in the cycle of 60), first day of the month, there was a solar eclipse.” The “Yin Zheng”located the eclipse in the lunar lodge Fang:“the Chen (conjunction of the sun and moon) was unsettled in (lunar lodge) Fang”.Fang was in the lunar zodiac system in use at this time and the longitude is approximately 204°to 211°.The date identification in the earlier Xia dynasty of this eclipse always puzzles us. The date of it was calculated by the calendar of Shoushi (formulated by Guo Shou jing,made in 1280, adopted from AD 1281-1644). Due to the Chinese historical Astronomers' achievements in the calculations of the calendars and especially the eclipse counting method of the calendar of Shoushi, in this paper, the ancient materials are alse studied by the ancient methods. So we identify that according to Guo's eclipse calculations recovered by us, the date has been accurately converted to the Julian calendar, the result is Oct.13,2128 BC.The canon of solar eclipses computed by the Shoushi method from -2200 to -1799 is also listed in this paper. Within 401 years, there are 129 solar eclipses in this canon. This table gives the Julian day; the date of the Julian Calendar (year, month and day); Ganzhi name (the heavenly stems and earthly branches) and its number; the computed time of greatest phase by the method of the Shoushi calendar (expressed as local time in hours and minutes)
出处
《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
2000年第1期51-55,共5页
Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）
基金
国家"九五"重大科研项目!"夏商周断代工程"经费支持 (No :96 - 92 3)
关键词
授时历
仲康日食
日食典
日食
推算
the Shoushi calendar
the Zhong Kang solar eclipse
the canon of solar eclipse
