摘要
气管移植目前仍处于动物实验阶段,影响气管移植应用于临床的主要因素在于移植气管的再血管化、有效的免疫抑制及供者气管的保存。带蒂大网膜包裹移植气管是移植体再血管化的有效方法。先期将气管移植体置于大网膜内,再将带蒂大网膜气管移植能明显提高移植体的再血管化,并降低移植体的感染率。气管的再血管化仍受到气管移植长度的限制,为解决这一问题,近年利用分段气管移植能有效延长气管移植长度。动物实验表明,气管移植同样存在移植排斥反应。免疫抑制剂的应用能降低排斥反应,但同时增加了移植体的感染率。早期大剂量应用免疫抑制剂既能有效地抑制气管移植术后的排斥反应,又能降低移植体的感染率。气管是一个结构较为简单的器官,因此,对供者气管进行长期保存是可行的。将气管置入保护液进行长期低温冷冻保存取得成功。这一简单方法既解决了供者气管缺乏问题。
Tracheal transplantation is still in the period of animal experiment. The principal factors which prevent tracheal transplantation applied clinically are revascularization of grafts, immunosuppression and long term preservation of grafts. Omentopexy is an effective method for revascularization of tracheal graft. The tracheal allog raft is embeded in the ometum, then the second stage tracheal transplantation approach with pedicled omentum can increase the rate of successful revascularization, and reduce the rate of infection of grafts. There is a limit to the length of tracheal transplantation with revascularization. To solve the problem, split transplantation of trachea is being used, and this method can extend the length of tracheal transplantation. Results of animal experiment showed that there was still graft rejection after tracheal transplantation. Using immunosuppressant can obviously reduce graft rejection, but it increased the infection rate of grafts. Using large dose of immunosuppressant early can inhibit graft rejection after tracheal transplantation and can reduce rate of infection. The tracheal structure is simple, and long term preservation of grafts is possible. Long term cryopreservation of tracheal grafts, which are preserved in Euro Collin solution, is reliable. This simple method can solve both donor shortage and immunosuppression problems.
出处
《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》
2000年第1期51-54,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
关键词
气管移植
再血管化
免疫抑制
Tracheal transplantation\ \ Revascularization\ \ Immunosuppression
