摘要
目的:分析前列地尔致静脉炎的临床特点、相关因素、预防及治疗方法。方法:检索北京药品不良反应监测网络2003至2010年收到的前列地尔致静脉炎的报告,收集并分析患者的性别、年龄、静脉炎家族史和既往史、原患疾病、前列地尔剂型、给药途径、用药剂量、用药时间、用药至发生静脉炎的时间、临床表现、静脉炎程度、处置方法和预后。结果:共收集到前列地尔致静脉炎报告246份。246例患者中男性167例,平均年龄(66.7±16.1)岁,女性79例,平均年龄(68.1±12.3)岁。23例有静脉炎既往史,5例有静脉炎家族史。原患疾病主要为神经系统疾病(92例,37.4%)、外科疾病(26例1,0.6%)和循环系统疾病(25例1,0.2%)。244例(99.2%)使用前列地尔注射液,2例(0.8%)使用前列地尔粉针。前列地尔注射液用药剂量分别为10μg/d(213例,87.3%)和20μg/d(21例,8.6%)。前列地尔粉针用药剂量为10μg/d。前列地尔的给药方式:97.2%(239例)的患者采用静脉滴注2,.8%(7例)采用静脉注射。用药时间中位数为2 d(3.5±3.1)d。发生静脉炎的时间为给药后20 min。按照美国Intravenous Nurses Society制定的标准评判静脉炎严重程度,145例患者(66.5%)为1级静脉炎,57例(26.1%)为2级,15例(6.9%)为3级。主要临床表现为穿刺部位出现红斑、疼痛、形成静脉条纹和索状物。性别、年龄、给药途径、用药剂量及用药时间在12、级与3级患者间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。治疗方法包括停药、外敷、减慢静脉滴注速度、更换穿刺部位和用0.9%氯化钠注射液稀释前列地尔注射剂等。203份报告有静脉炎预后结果,其中124例治愈,79例好转。结论:静脉给予前列地尔可引起静脉炎,其程度较轻,停药或对症治疗后预后良好。
Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics,related factors,as well as prevention and treatment of phlebitis associated with an infusion of alprostadil.Methods： Beijing Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring Network database from 2003 to 2010 was searched for reports of phlebitis associated with an infusion of alprostadil.The patient＇ s gender,age,family history and past history of phlebitis,primary disease,dosage form of alprostadil,route of administration,dosage,duration of treatment,time to phlebitis onset after drug administrations,clinical manifestations,severity of phlebitis,management and prognosis were analyzed.Results： A total of 246 reports with of phlebitis associated with alprostadil were collected.These patients comprised 167 men with average age（66.7±16.1）years and 79 women with average age（68.1±12.3） years.Of the 246 patients,23 patients had past history of phlebitis and 5 patients had family history of phlebitis.The main primary diseases were neurological disease（92 cases,37.4%）,surgical disease（26 cases,10.6%）,and cardiovascular disease（25 cases,10.2%）.Percentage of 99.2（244 cases） of patients received alprostadil injection and 0.8%（2 cases） of patients received alprostadil powder for injection.The alprostadil injection dosage was 10 μg/d for 87.3%（213 cases） of patients and 20 μg/d for 8.6%（21 cases） of patients.The dosage of alprostadil power for injection was 10 μg/d for 0.8%（2 cases） of patients.The administration of drug was as follows： 97.2%（239 cases） of patients were treated with alprostadil by IV infusion and 2.8%（7 cases） of patients were injected with alprostadil intravenously.The median of duration of treatment were 2 days.The median of time to phlebitis onset after drug administration was 20 minutes.When the severity of phlebitis was determined according to the criteria of Intravenous Nurses Society（INS）,145 patients（66.5%） had grade 1,57 patients（26.1%） had grade 2,and 15 patients（6.9%） had grade 3 p
出处
《药物不良反应杂志》
2011年第6期354-358,共5页
Adverse Drug Reactions Journal
