摘要
目的了解我国青壮年(14～65岁)感染患者病原菌构成以及耐药性。方法自2010年1月1日-12月31日收集129所成员单位抗菌药物敏感试验数据,根据卫生部全国细菌耐药监测网的监测方案和CLSI 2010年标准,采用WHONET软件,对青壮年(14～65岁)患者的耐药监测数据进行分析总结。结果全国129所医院2010年度上报青壮年人群来源的菌株共137 712株,革兰阴性菌占68.2%,其中大肠埃希菌25 227株占18.3%,肺炎克雷伯菌14 440株占10.5%,铜绿假单胞菌15 774株占11.5%,鲍氏不动杆菌12 998株占9.4%;革兰阳性菌占31.8%,主要包括金黄色葡萄球菌12 779株占9.3%,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌14 622株占10.6%,粪肠球菌5376株占3.9%和屎肠球菌3867株占2.8%;对葡萄球菌属保持100.0%敏感的有利奈唑胺、万古霉素,值得注意的是开始出现耐替考拉宁葡萄球菌约1.0%、耐万古霉素屎肠球菌为2.2%;所有肠杆菌科的各种细菌均出现耐碳青霉烯类抗菌药物菌株;非发酵菌对各类抗菌药物的敏感性均很低,保持70.0%敏感的药物主要有多黏菌素B和碳青霉烯类,但不动杆菌属对碳青霉烯类的敏感性已下降到约42.0%;苛氧菌在青壮年人群感染标本中的分离率仍很低,且对各类抗菌药物保持很高的敏感性。结论引起我国青壮年人群感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主;许多常见病原菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性严重,加强细菌耐药性监测,促进抗菌药物的合理使用非常重要。
OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from young adults aged from 14 to 65 years in China. METHODS The data of antimicrobial susceptibility testing from Jan. 1, 2010 to Dec. 31, 2010 in 129 member hospitals of Mohnarin were collected. The data of surveillance for drug resistance in young adults were analyzed and summarized by WHONET 5. 5 software according to the surveillance program of Mohnarin and CLSI 2010. RESULTS A total of 137 712 strains isolated from young adults were reported by 129 hospitals in 2010, of all the isolates from young adults, gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.2%, of whiqh 25 227 （18.3%） were Escherichia coli isolates, 14 440（10.5%） were Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, 15 774 （ 11.5 % ） were Pseudornonas aeruginosa isolates and 12 998 （9.40/% ） were Acinetobacter baumannil isolates; gram-positive bacteria accounted for 31.80%, mainly including 12 779 （29.1 %） Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 14 622 （10. 6 %） coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates, 5376 （3.9 % ） Enterococcus faecalis and 3867 （2. 8%） E. faecium isolates. Drug susceptibility data showed that Staphylococci were still 100. 0% susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin. It is noteworthy that the resistance to teicoplanin of 1.0% Staphylococcus emerged and 2.2 % E. faecium isolates were vancomycin-resistant; among all of the species of enterobacteriaceae, strains resistant to carbopenems emerged; non-fermenting bacteria kept low susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents except polymyxin B and carbopenems ,to which they had a susceptibility around 70.0%, but the suscepti- bility rate to carbopenem of Acinetobacter dropped to 42. 0%; Fastidious bacteria were seldomly isolated from young and mid-aged patients and kept high susceptibility to various antibiotics. CONCLUSION Gram-negative bacteria are predominant in the pathogens causing infections in young adults in China; some of the common pathogens are with serious resistance to com
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期44-49,共6页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
国家临床重点专科基金
江苏省兴卫工程重点学科(XK20092013)
