摘要
论文结合二元经济理论、新古典主义经济学的基本思想,运用1990—2009年的统计数据,构建了一个现代产业与传统农业存在报酬差异的两部门模型来分析农业劳动力流动机制与粮食产量之间的关系。实证分析表明,两部门报酬差距拉大会引致大量有效农业劳动力外流,直接引起农业劳动力数量减少,抑制农业技术进步与推广,引起耕地抛荒增加,进而影响粮食产量增加。要缩小城乡收入的差距,关键在于不断改善和优化农村地区的投资环境,加大对农民的投资,提升农民的农业技术水平,努力提高农业生产报酬,缩小产业报酬差距,从根本上消除有效农业劳动力外流的动因。同时,要建立健全激励机制,吸引部分农村劳动力返回农村发展,以解决农村有效劳动力不足的矛盾。
Combining the basic ideas of dual economy theory and neoclassical economics, this paper constructs a two-sector model with difference in return between modern industry and traditional agriculture to analyze the mechanism of farm labor movement and grain production. Statistics for 1990--2009 are used to test the main conclusions of the model. It is found that increased difference in return between the two sectors results in outflow of effective farm labor, which in turn gives rise to decreasing farm labor, hinders technical progress and transfer in agriculture, and causes uncultivated fields, impairing the rise in grain production. The key to narrowing urban-rural income gap lies in continuously improving investment climate in rural areas, expanding investment in farmers, upgrading their technical level, improving return in agriculture, and bridging interindustry difference in return, completely eliminating the motivation for farm labor outflow. In the meantime, incentive mechanism should be established to attract some rural labor to return to rural areas to offset shortage in rural effective labor.
出处
《贵州财经学院学报》
北大核心
2012年第1期6-11,共6页
Journal of Guizhou College of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“加强农业基础地位和确保国家粮食安全战略”(08&ZD016)
湖南省社科基金项目“城乡二元矛盾格局中农业发展方式转变研究”(11YBA198)
关键词
产业报酬差异
农业劳动力流动
粮食生产
interindustry difference in return
movement in farm labor
grain production
