摘要
目的:总结6月龄以下小婴儿川崎病(Kawasaki disease,KD)的临床特征以利于早期诊断。方法:对南京市儿童医院2005年3月至2009年2月诊治的43例6月龄以下KD患儿的病历资料进行回顾性分析,并与同期诊治的6月龄以上KD患儿对比分析。结果:6月龄以下小婴儿KD 43例,男女比例2.31∶1,与同期238例6月龄以上的3组KD患儿比较,急性期卡疤红斑、消化系统症状、神经系统症状显著增多,颈淋巴结肿大显著减少,差异有统计学意义;中性粒细胞百分比(N%)、血小板(PLT)、血沉(ESR)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)显著升高,血色素(Hb)显著下降,差异有统计学意义;不完全KD和冠状动脉瘤样扩张发生率明显增高,差异有统计学意义。结论:6月龄以下小婴儿KD以不完全KD显著增多、冠状动脉瘤发生率增加为特征。患儿急性期要及时发现冠状动脉异常,观察卡疤红斑、消化系统、神经系统症状,监测N%、PLT、ESR、LDH、Hb等指标,以利于对6月龄以下小婴儿KD的早期诊断。
Objective：To summarize clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease（KD） in infants younger than 6 months and explore indices for early diagnosis.Methods： Retrospective data from 43 cases of KD in infants younger than 6 months were collected in Nanjing Children＇s Hospital from March 2005 to February 2009,and compared with 238 cases of KD in children older than 6 months in the same period.Results： Among 43 cases of KD in infants younger than 6 months,male-female ratio was 2.31∶1.Compared with 238 cases of KD in children older than 6 months,the incidence of some clinical features,such as BCG vaccination erythema,symptoms in digestive system and nervous system at acute period were increased significantly（P 0.05）,while cervical lymphadenopathy was absent in 43 cases of KD in infants younger than 6 months.The levels of neutrophils（N%）,platelet（PLT）,erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR） and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） in infants were higher（P 0.05） and the level of Hb was lower（P 0.05） than children.The incidence of incomplete KD cases and coronary artery aneurysm in infants increased statistically（P 0.05）.Conclusion： Incomplete KD cases and coronary artery aneurysm are more common in infants younger than 6 months.Examination of coronary artery abnormalities,BCG vaccination erythema,symptoms in digestive system and nervous system and the levels of N%,PLT,ESR,LDH and Hb in time would be helpful for early diagnosis.
出处
《南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第11期1670-1673,共4页
Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)
关键词
小婴儿
川崎病
不完全川崎病
冠脉损害
早期诊断
young infant
Kawasaki disease
incomplete Kawasaki disease
coronary artery lesions
early diagnosis
