摘要
目的探讨低温烫伤发生的时机及采用防护措施的效果，为临床上防治低温烫伤提供依据。方法以大鼠为实验模型，在麻醉状态下，观察大鼠胸腹部皮肤在42～70℃时烫伤组织的病理变化、损伤程度，以及烫伤发生的时间、温度及其与组织损伤程度和死亡之间的关系。结果接触42℃低温热源的大鼠与不接触热源的大鼠皮肤组织无明显差别。大鼠接触45℃低温热源2～3h内有45．2％动物热死亡。接触50℃低温热源大鼠45～60min内全部动物热死亡，55℃直接接触组大鼠死亡时间（42．43±2．15） in，防护组死亡时间（66．14±8．61）min，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=7．0697，P〈0．01）。显微镜下可见60℃以上高温烫伤组大鼠皮肤及皮下组织、深部肌层组织广泛坏死。结论皮肤直接接触热源在45－70℃之间可引起低温烫伤，皮肤直接接触热源在70℃以上引起高温烫伤。皮肤损伤程度和热致死率与接触温度、接触持续时间、接触部位有关。
Objective To explore experimental evidence for prevention and treatment of low temperature burns in clinical practice. Methods A rat model of low temperature burns was established by exposing abdominal skin to temperature of 42 - 70 ℃. Time needed to cause bums, severity of damage, pathological changes, relation between tissue damage and temperature and mortality of animal models were studied. Results We found that skin tissue was not different between the 42 ℃ rats and normal temperature rats. 45.2% rats died in 2 - 3 h after exposed to 45 ℃. All rats died in 45 - 60 min after exposed to 50 ℃. Death time was （42.43 ±2.15） min in rats directly exposed to 55 ℃, and （66.14 ± 8.61 ） min in rats with protection, and the difference was significant （t = 7. 0697, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Microscopy revealed that wide necrosis in rats skin, subcutaneous tissue and deep muscular layer. Conclusions Low temperature burns are caused by direct exposure to temperature of 45 - 70 ℃ while high temperature burns are caused by direct exposure to temperature of 70 ℃ and above. Severity of damage and mortality is related to temperature, exposure time and position.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2011年第34期4113-4115,F0003,共4页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
低温
大鼠
护理
烫伤
阈值
Low temperature
Rat
Nursing
Burns
Threshold
