摘要
背景:美国在干细胞领域的研究居世界顶级水平,但其相关的监管及政策一直在变化。目的:研究美国政府及企业对干细胞研究政策和投入的变化,及其可能对世界格局产生的重大影响。方法:由第一作者检索2000-01/2010-10SCI数据库,万方数据库,维普数据库,美国国家卫生研究院(NationalInstitutesofHealth,NIH)的官方网站,及GBIResearch公司的研究报告。英文检索词为"stemcell,USA,policy,invest",中文检索词为"干细胞,美国"。共收集到128篇有关美国干细胞政策和投入的相关的文献,排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,共有30篇符合标准的文献。结果与结论:美国对于干细胞研究政策及投入的争议,主要集中在联邦经费是否可以用于人类胚胎干细胞研究,但对非联邦资助的人类胚胎干细胞研究没有太多限制。奥巴马总统上任后对联邦政府资助胚胎干细胞研究的限制较以前有了部分松绑,但目前政策的后继影响还不明显。美国虽然在联邦政府层面对干细胞的研究投入有限,但地方政府以及私人资金对其大力支持,加上产业界对于干细胞治疗的巨大投入,美国的干细胞研究和产业前景乐观,胚胎干细胞可能成为以后的优先发展领域。
BACKGROUND：U.S.A scientists have conducted the top-level researches on stem cells all over the world;however,the related governance and policies are changed all the time.OBJECTIVE：To study changes on policies and investments conducted by U.S.A.governments and companies,and potential great influences on global patterns.METHODS：SCI database（http：isiknowledge.com）,Wanfang database（http：www.wanfangdata.com.cn）,VIP database（http：www.vmis.net.cn/yixue/index.asp）,official website of NIH（http：www.nih.gov/）,and reports released by GBI Research,were searched by the first author.Search terms were ＂stem cell,USA,policy,invest＂ in English and ＂stem cell,USA＂ in Chinese.128 papers related to policies and investments on stem cell in U.S.A.were retrieved,and there were 30 papers matching research requirements after excluding old,repeated and similar materials.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Debates on policies and investments on stem cell in U.S.A.mostly focus on if federal funds could be used for research on human embryonic stem cell（hESC）,and there is not much limitation on non-federal funds supporting on hESC research.The limitation on hESC research supported by federal funds has partly loosed than before after accession of President Obama,though it has not resulted in consequent and immediate effects yet.There is a promising perspective on research and industry in field of stem cell because of strong supports from local governments and individuals,as well as enormous investment from industries,though funds issued by federal government have been limited in U.S.A.And hESC may become the priority field in the future.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第45期8537-8541,共5页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
