摘要
以喷洒域形状和水量分布均匀性为指标研究变量喷头的喷灌均匀性,分析了影响PY2系列喷头射程和水量分布的关键因素,得知改变单一参数的变量喷头喷灌均匀性较差.为提高变量喷头的灌溉均匀性,设计了出口可调式的变喷洒域喷头,使用流量调节机构改变喷头工作压力,使用出口调节机构改变喷头出口面积,通过出口面积和喷头工作压力的同步调节实现均匀喷洒.测试了出口可调式变量喷头的水力性能,对比了圆形喷嘴变量喷头和出口可调式变量喷头水量分布,出口可调式变量喷头不同射程处喷灌强度相近,喷洒性能优于圆形喷嘴变量喷头.计算了变量喷头的方形喷洒域系数和不同间距下的组合灌溉均匀性,结果显示BPY20变量喷头的方形喷洒域系数为97.8%,最佳组合间距为1.66,组合灌溉均匀性为75.4%;BPY30变量喷头的方形喷洒域系数为91.5%,最佳组合间距为1.69,组合灌溉均匀性为77.2%.
Based on the analyzing of the key elements that the range and the rainfall distribution of the sprinkler concerned,the key factors that effect the range and the rainfall distribution have been studied.It is found out that the variable-rate sprinkler with only one factor changed had bad irrigation uniformity.To improve the irrigation uniformity of the sprinkler,a new nozzle-changeable variable-rate sprinkler was designed.The new sprinkler adjusts the working pressure and the nozzle area by the flow rate adjusting system and the nozzle area adjusting system.With the co-adjusting of the nozzle area and the working pressure,the nozzle-changeable variable-rate sprinkler has better irrigation uniformity.The hydraulic character of the nozzle-changeable variable-rate sprinkler was tested,and the rainfall distributions of the circle nozzle and the nozzle-changeable were compared.The result indicated that the nozzle-changeable variable-rate sprinkler has better irrigation uniformity.The square irrigation coefficient and the combination irrigation uniformity were studied,and the data indicated that,for the nozzle-changeable variable-rate sprinkler BPY20,the square irrigation coefficient is 97.8%,the best combination distance is 1.66,and the combination irrigation uniformity is 75.4%.For the BPY30,the square irrigation coefficient is 91.5%,the best combination distance is 1.69,and the combination irrigation uniformity is 77.2%.
出处
《排灌机械工程学报》
EI
2011年第6期536-541,共6页
Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金
国家863计划项目(2011AA100506)
关键词
摇臂喷头
变量喷洒
喷灌均匀性
出口调节装置
结构设计
impact sprinkler； variable-rate spraying； irrigation uniformity； nozzle-changeable device； structure design；
