摘要
2010年7月至2011年1月,在陕西省洋县朱鹮生态园和华阳镇朱鹮野化训练基地,采用瞬时扫描取样法和行为取样法,对2处野化训练大网笼中朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)(n洋县=30只;n华阳=22只)的行为进行研究,同时调查2处大网笼野化训练条件的不同。结果表明,在觅食行为的时间分配中,秋季洋县群的划动寻觅、探啄、咬甩、洗涮行为极显著地高于华阳群(P<0.01),低头寻觅、滤啄行为极显著地低于华阳群(P<0.01),掏挖行为在两群间无显著差异(P>0.05),华阳群缺少撕扯行为;冬季2群朱鹮觅食行为型差异性与秋季基本类似,但洋县群的掏挖行为显著高于华阳群(P<0.05),华阳群缺少划动寻觅、撕扯和咬甩行为。在华阳大网笼,训练朱鹮的惊飞持续时间为(96.5±84.9)s,显著长于洋县朱鹮(40.6±51.3)s,且降落地点的选择不同。2010年7月至12月中旬,华阳群部分个体表现出地面夜宿的异常行为。分析认为,造成觅食行为差异的主要原因是2个网笼所提供饲料的形状以及觅食地条件不同,惊飞时间和降落地点的差异与网笼内隐蔽区域的大小有关,而异常的地面夜宿行为与华阳网笼开始训练时栖位不足有关。
From July 2010 to January 2011,scan sampling and behavioral sampling methods were used to study the behavior of Crested Ibis（Nipponia nippon） in Yangxian Crested Ibis Acclimation Park（nYX=30） and Huayang Crested Ibis Acclimation Base（nHY=22）.The acclimation conditions of the two training cages were also compared.The results indicated that the time budget of foraging behavior were significantly different in the two training populations.In autumn,the Yangxian birds showed more paddling,explore pecked,biting throw and washing food behaviors（P0.01）,while the searching and filter pecked behaviors were significantly less than what of the Huayang birds（P0.01）.There was no tearing food behavior in Huayang.In winter,the foraging behavior differences were similar to what in autumn,however,there was more hollow-out behavior in Yangxian birds（P0.05） and there was no paddling,tearing and biting-throw food behavior in Huayang birds.In Huayang training cage,the Crested Ibis frighten-flying time（96.5±84.9 s） was significantly longer than what of the birds in Yangxian cage（40.6±51.3 s）,and the landing site tendency was also different.From July to mid December 2010,some of the birds in Huayang showed abnormal behavior of roosting on the ground at night.The shape of the food and the foraging site quality in the training cage were main factors caused the foraging behavior difference.The frighten-flying time and landing site tendency of the ibis maybe related to the shelter abundance and openness of the training cage.The shortage of perch in Huayang cage caused some birds＇ abnormal behavior of roosting on the ground.
出处
《动物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期11-18,共8页
Chinese Journal of Zoology
基金
国家十一五科技支撑计划项目(No.2008BAC39B05)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.30870314)资助
关键词
朱鹮
野化训练
觅食行为
夜宿行为
惊飞行为
行为差异
Crested Ibis
Nipponia nippon
Acclimation training
Foraging behavior
Roosting behavior
Frighten-fly behavior
Behavior differences
