摘要
普通生态学原理在生物多样性规划和管理实践中有了发展,但仍需要进一步深入的研究。本研究建立了一个本地和总体的鸟类栖息地模型,用以支持作为全球生物多样性一个组分的城市地区的生物多样性。这个模型用于为相关研究推荐适合当地的栖息地类型。本研究在繁殖季节调查了三处相似的城市地点的鸟类种群和植被覆盖情况,运用地理信息系统分析数据的空间特征,通过对栖息地内鸟类出现频度的聚类分析形成研究鸟类群体觅食的栖息地使用模型。这个模型被用于预测第四个地点的物种环境,并通过比较该地点实际的物种环境来进行验证。研究发现不同的生物群体对不同类型的栖息地有着不同的偏好,并且一些栖息地组群的生产力更高。这些信息都被用于建立栖息地保护、管理和设计方面的准则。这项研究的价值不单是对于准则的完善,更重要的是为总体和当地鸟类多样性模型的建立提供了一套方案。
General ecological principles for use in biodiversity planning and management have been developed,but more detailed knowledge is needed.A local and general avian habitat model was developed to support biodiversity in urban areas as a component of maintaining global biodiversity.The model was used to provide habitat recommendations applicable to the region of the study.Avian populations and vegetation cover of three similar urban sites were surveyed during breeding season.Data were spatially referenced using a geographic information system.Cluster analysis of the frequency of occurrence of birds within habitats was analyzed to develop a habitat usage model of foraging guilds.This model was used to forecast species conditions on a fourth site,and these predictions were validated by comparing to the actual species conditions of the validation site.It was found that different guilds favor certain habitats and that some habitat assemblages are more productive than others.This information was used in the development of guidelines for habitat conservation,management and design.The value of this work is not solely in the findings and habitat guidelines presented,but in the presentation of a methodology by which a general and local avian diversity model may be created.
出处
《风景园林》
2011年第5期143-155,共13页
Landscape Architecture
