摘要
1 Basic Principle The branching ratio β<sub>ij</sub> of the transitions from the excited state E<sub>i</sub> to the lower state E<sub>j</sub> is defined by β<sub>ij</sub>=A<sub>ij</sub>/sum from n=k A<sub>ik</sub>, （1）where A<sub>ij</sub> is the transition probability from E<sub>i</sub> to E<sub>j</sub>, and the sum in the denominator is made over all possible transitions from the excited state E<sub>i</sub> to different lower states E<sub>k</sub>. Suppose there are N<sub>i</sub> atoms in the excited state E<sub>i</sub>, and the intensity of the fluorescenee
基金
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
