摘要
视动性错觉是一种特殊类型的空间定向障碍,严重地危害着飞行安全。绝大多数正常飞行员都有过此种错觉的体会,但个体差异性较大。其发生机理仍然不清。且国内外仍缺乏有效的评估错觉的方法。本实验将模糊集模型方法答案引入视动错觉的研究,以探讨心理因素对视动觉的影响。实验中对100名男性军校学员进行了棒框测验,15名高分者和15名低分者分别作为场依存组和场独立组。每名被试者,随机给予一系列视动阶跃刺激(5,10,15,20,30,40,60,80,100,120deg/s),每个刺激持续20s。记录被试者视动错觉出现的潜伏期和错觉模糊量。研究结果表明:①场依存组被试者的错觉潜伏期长于场独立组,它与刺激速度呈幂函数关系,而场独立组潜伏期随刺激速度的增加呈直线下降;②在5～120deg/s范围内,两组被试者错觉量回归成两条直线,两直线回归系数无显著差异,而截距差别十分显著。因此,场依存性和独立性认知方式是视动错觉个体差异性的一种重要影响因素,它对军事飞行员的心理学选拔和训练有着重要的意义。
In this research, 100 military university students were tested with Rod and Frame Test. 15 subjects who had high scores and 15 subjects who had low scores were divided into field-dependent group and field-independent group respectively. Each subject experienced a series of optokinetic step stimulation (5,10,15,20,30,40,60,80,100,120,deg/s). The latency and fuzzy estimate magnitude of the illusion were recorded. The main results were as follows: ① All the latency of field-independent group were longer than that of field-indepen-dent group and were exponently related with stimulation velocity. The latency of field-inde-pendent group decreased linearly with the stimulation velocity. ② Between 5～120 deg/s, the fuzzy magnitude of two groups were regressed to two linear equations. The coefficients of two equations had no significant difference, but the intercepts had significant difference. Consequently, the field dependent and independent cognitive style is an important influence factor to individual optokinetic illusion. It is very helpful for psychological selection and training of military pilots.
出处
《海军医学杂志》
1994年第2期98-101,共4页
Journal of Navy Medicine
关键词
场依存性
认知方式
视动错觉
field-dependent
cognitive style, optokinetic illusion
