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结核病的诊断与治疗中病人及卫生保健系统的延误 被引量:2

Patient and health care system delays in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
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摘要 背景:1994年4月纽约市所有结核菌培养阳性但未经治疗的结核病病人(n=184)。目的:检验与病人就诊延误(病人延误)和开始抗结核治疗延误(卫生保健系统延误)相关的因素。设计:医疗记录的回顾性调查及对病人的访视。结果:总延误天数的中位数是57天(4~764天),抗酸杆菌涂片阳性病人35名,涂片阴性病人79名(P<0.001)。病人延误天数的中位数是25天(0~73天)。卫生保健系统延误天数的中位数是15天,涂阳病人6例,涂阴病人31例(P<0.001)。使用logistic回归,年龄在55~64岁之间(经校正的让步比[OR_(adj]为10.6,95%的可信区间[CI]为1.3—86.9)、母语不是英语的病人(OR_(adj)2.5,95%CI 1.0—5.8)与病人延误天数较长相关。无家可归(OR_(adj) 7.1,95%CI 1.05—33.5)、首次就诊未拍摄胸部X线片(OR_(adj) 2.4,95%CI 1.0—5.4)、涂片阴性(OR_(adj) 10.2,95%CI 4.4—23.3)、以及无咳嗽症状的病人(OR_(adj) 2.9,95%C 1.2—6.8)与卫生保健系统延误天数较长相关。结论:为了减少延误时间,应教育病人尽早就诊,并提供与病人文化背景相适宜的卫生保健和语言服务。内科医生对结核病应保持高的警惕性,并进行相应的诊断试验。
出处 《国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志》 2000年第1期28-34,共7页 The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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参考文献18

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